标题: | 组织协调系统的阶层关系之研究 The Hierarchical Structure of Organizational Coordination Systems |
作者: | 施宏彬 Hung-Pin Shih 尤克强 罗济群 Keh-Chiang Yu Chi-Chun Lo 资讯管理研究所 |
关键字: | 协调阶层;协调行为;协调模式;协调单元;协调策略;coordination hierarchy;coordination behavior;coordination pattern;coordination primitive;coordination strategy |
公开日期: | 1999 |
摘要: | 人们常从事协调工作,看到的是如何沟通的过程,而本研究则认为是策略、决策和沟通在交互作用下引导协调过程。本研究利用协调理论分析实际的协调案例,如商品交易、专案管理、演讲行程、预算计划、联合开发、及策略联盟等实例的协调过程,归纳出其协调活动间存在着由上而下展开的阶层式关系:目标□工作□活动□讯息。为了表达这种阶层式的结构关系,本研究整合相关协调技术,包括电脑科学、组织行为、语意学及经济学等,而建构一个可用以描述上述案例之协调过程的阶层式架构,称为协调阶层。在此架构的组成关系上,由上而下,依序为协调剧本、协调行为、协调模式及协调单元等四层。在功能关系上,协调剧本是由协调行为和逻辑控制单元所组成以分解目标协调,而协调行为则由协调模式和可能的协调单元所组成以描述工作流协调,协调模式则由特定的协调单元所构成以描述活动流协调,至于协调单元则是处理和传递讯息流的最基本元件。就此架构的运用层面而言,本研究设计协调定义语言(CDL)和协调执行语言(CEL)来定义和执行组织协调活动。经运用CDL和CEL重现各案例之协调过程后,显示本研究所建立的协调阶层不仅可用来描述组织协调活动、处理协调事件、发现瓶颈过程,并能比较协调过程的状态变化。在进行组织协调活动时,本架构亦支援适当的协调策略以减少协调时间,或提升协调品质。 Human activities are always coordinated via communication, but we view coordination as an interactive process involving strategy, decision making and communication. After analyzing real-life coordination events such as trade, project management, scheduling, budgeting, and strategic allances, a hierarchical structure with goal, task, activity, and message in a top-down expansion is induced. To better describe these complex and dynamic human coordination activities, this study integrates related findings from computer sciences, organizational behavior, linguistics, and economics, thus formalizing the previous hierarchical structure termed the coordination hierarchy. The coordination hierarchy includes coordination scenario, coordination behaviors, coordination patterns, and coordination primitives across a top-down expansion to support organizational coordination systems. The coordination scenario comprises coordination behaviors with logical control combinations to decompose goal coordination, and the coordination behavior incorporates coordination patterns and possible coordination primitives to describe task coordination, while the coordination pattern comprises defined coordination primitives to describe activity coordination, with each coordination primitive being an inseparable, smallest element which handles message exchange and sharing. To implement the coordination hierarchy, a coordination definition and execution language is designed herein. With this kind of formal design, this coordination hierarchy can be used to describe coordination activities, plan coordination events, locate coordination bottlenecks, and analyze coordination states. In the coordination hierarchy, the coordination strategy can be adopted to support organizational coordination, both by reducing the time required to achieve goals, or by allowing goals to be better satisfied. |
URI: | http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#NT880396003 http://hdl.handle.net/11536/65583 |
显示于类别: | Thesis |