可調式流體阻尼器之分析與實驗

Abstract

在機械工程領域上，流體阻尼器是種使用相當廣泛的控制系統，因此近幾十年來，土木工程師們便試著應用它做為消能減震裝置以減輕結構物在地震時的反應，而流體阻尼器的特點就是當結構物處於強烈的震動時擁有非常優秀的消能性。 本研究乃提出一可調式的流體阻尼器，藉之改變結構物阻尼值，進而達到控制結構物動態行為的目的。本流體阻尼器的主要構想便是活塞孔的設計，流體阻尼器在不同的開孔面積與頻率的情況下我們將可經由實驗獲得不一樣的遲滯迴圈，實驗中我們並以一個數學模型來分析模擬流體阻尼器的動態行為，由分析結果可知流體阻尼器在實驗的往覆來回運動中具有相當良好的消能性。本研究裡我們並以最小平方法來求取阻尼係數與勁度係數。而且由實驗結果顯示，阻尼器可以增加結構物在地震時的消能能力。 關鍵詞：可調式、流體阻尼器

The fluid damper is a promising control system wildly used in mechanical engineering. In the last decade, civil engineers adopt the fluid damper as a dissipator to decrease seismic responses of structures. The characteristic of its energy dissipation is excellent in buildings under greatly excitation. This study investigates a fluid damper, which is capable of varying the damping coefficient in a structural control system to modify structural vibration. Orifice’s design was the major originality in the tested fluid damper. All sorts of orifices and frequencies were capable of expecting different loops. Mathematical model of the fluid damper is evaluated to develop for analyzing its dynamic behavior, and analytical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed fluid damper under experimental vibration. In this research, the damping coefficient and stiffness coefficient are derived using the least square method. Experimental results indicate that the fluid damper can enhance the energy absorption capability of a structure during an earthquake.