影響台灣地區製造業廠商採用電子交易市集（eMarketplace）之因素研究—以製造業前一千大為例

Abstract

「電子交易市集」藉由匯集大量的買方與賣方廠商與自動化的交易機制，使得「電子交易市集」的參與者在交易時能有更多的選擇、接觸到更多的客戶，同時並降低買賣雙方的交易成本。但在「電子交易市集」積極發展的此刻，究竟是何種因素會影響廠商對「電子交易市集」的採用？這是一個必須瞭解且回答的問題。 本研究以創新採用相關文獻為基礎，由環境特性、組織特性以及電子交易市集創新特性三方面，來探討影響廠商採用電子交易市集的因素。本研究針對台灣地區製造業前一千大廠商寄發問卷共1000份，回收有效問卷108份。經由邏輯斯迴歸分析後有以下發現： (1) 創新特性中的「相對優勢」、「不相容性」；環境特性中的「經營/使用者影響」；組織特性中的「資訊系統知識」、「高階主管支持」等五個因素，會顯著影響製造業廠商採用電子交易市集。 (2) 創新特性中的「不相容性」；環境特性中的「經營/使用者影響」；組織特性中的「高階主管支持」等三個因素，會顯著影響製造業廠商未來一年內不採用電子交易市集。 (3) 創新特性中的「相對優勢」；組織特性中的「高階主管支持」、「資訊強度」等三個因素，會顯著影響電子電機業廠商採用電子交易市集。 (4) 創新特性中的「不相容性」；環境特性中的「經營/使用者影響」；組織特性中的「資訊系統知識」、「高階主管支持」等四個因素，會顯著影響非電子電機業廠商採用電子交易市集。

By bringing together large numbers of buyers and sellers and by automating transactions, eMarketplace expands the choices available to buyers, gives sellers access to new customers, and reduces transaction costs for all the players. Yet at this moment, there is a basic question we should know: which factors affect the adoption of eMarketplace? Based on theories from the innovation adoption literature, this study examines the impact of various environmental, organizational and innovation characteristics on the adoption of eMarketplace. A questionnaire survey was conducted in 108 manufacturing businesses. The results of logistic regression indicated that (1) for all manufacturing businesses, “relative advantage,” “incompatibility,” “influence of eMarketplace makers and adopters,” “information system expertise,” and “top management support,” were important determinants of the decision to adopt; (2) for all manufacturing businesses, “incompatibility,” “influence of eMarketplace makers and adopters,” and “top management support,” were important determinants of the likelihood of adoption within the next year; (3) for electronics and electric engineering manufacturing businesses, “relative advantage,” “top management support,” and “information intensity,” were important determinants of the decision to adopt; and (4) for businesses not belonging to electronics and electric engineering manufacturing, “incompatibility,” “influence of eMarketplace makers and adopters,” “information system expertise,” and “top management support,” were important determinants of the decision to adopt.