標題: 台灣地區自動櫃員機區位選擇因素之研究
A Study on the Site Selection of Automatic Teller Machine in Taiwan
作者: 謝懷德
Huai Te Hsieh
袁建中
Dr. Benjamin J.C. Yuan
管理學院科技管理學程
關鍵字: 自動櫃員機;區位;中地理論;銀行;世界貿易組織;競租理論;個案研究方法;Automatic Teller Machine;Location;Central Place Theory;Bank;WTO;Bid rent theory;Case Study
公開日期: 2001
摘要: 面對金融自由化、國際化及加入世界貿易組織(WTO)的諸多因素衝擊下,現今金融機構的競爭環境越來越激烈,加上人事及租賃成本的飛漲,使得傳統分行的設置成本越來越高,為紓解日益增加之業務量,並提高服務品質,提供新的服務項目,作業自動化是金融機構必循之途。自動櫃員機(Automatic Teller Machine;ATM)是顧客自行操作的自動化機器,為銀行櫃台業務的延伸,將銀行的服務擴大到櫃台以外的地方,不再侷限於銀行營業廳內且能提供24小時全天候的服務,自動櫃員機投入費用並不便宜,因此自動櫃員機區位選擇錯誤,將造成設備閒置的浪費。如何決定自動櫃員機之區位並滿足一定的服務水準,以降低顧客流失的潛在威脅,為銀行經營決策者所面臨的一個重要課題。本研究透過理論及實證之探討,首先以個案研究法(開放式問卷)來進行自動櫃員機區位選擇條件之初步選取,並將選取之結果利用統計t檢定(t test)進行自動櫃員機區位選擇因素之探討,進而建立一套可行的自動櫃員機區位選擇策略架構,以提供銀行決策者評估或規劃自動櫃員機設置時之參考,本研究有下列幾項結論: 一、本研究透過t檢定後,共有十項區位因素具有顯著性其分別是消費客層人數、鄰近業態別、市場的競爭性、附近的治安問題、預期的收益與成本、實體易見程度、馬路通行難易、行人流量及流向、近便性、客戶要求。而其中最重要的五項選址因素分別為預期的收益與成本、消費客層人數、馬路通行難易、客戶要求、實體易見程度。最不重要的五項區位因素分別為居民之年齡分佈、汽車流量、流向、地點寬度、居民之教育水準與職業、裝潢費用。 二、本研究發現銀行業者可能因為對技術的不熟悉,再者數量化模式在資料的收集上可能需要耗費大量的人力、物力及時間。因此,常用的方法是應用人潮量、消費客層的結構比例等項目來做直接估計,或者是應用市場比較法,即以本身的類似地點或同業的類似地點來做為評估自動櫃員機績效的依據。 三、本研究發現業者在評估自動櫃員機績效時,考慮的項目不僅僅只考慮自動櫃員機的收益而已,尚且包括客戶的貢獻度及其他相關業務的配合、廣告效益、通路佈建、人事成本的節省及經營策略的考量,對於績效不佳的地點,研究發現業者會以撤除或另尋他點遷移的方式辦理。
Under such strong impacts, like financial liberalization, internationalization, and the participation in World Trade Organization (WTO), the competition between different financial institutions has been fiercer nowadays. Moreover, the fast soaring personnel expense and housing rent make the cost of setting up a new branch of a bank higher and higher. In order to deal with the increasing business and enhance the quality of service, the automation of banking service seems to be an inevitable way that all financial institutions must follow. Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) is a device that customers can operate by themselves. ATM is also an extension of a bank, which used to confine its service to the lobby, and provides 24 hours service. The cost of building up an ATM is definitely not inexpensive; therefore, a wrong location of an ATM would lead to the idling and the waste of equipments. As a result, it becomes an essential issue for a bank decision maker to pick up a right location of ATM and to satisfy customers’ needs for fear of the potential loss of clients and business opportunities. Through the theoretical and empirical exploration, the aim of the study is to form a feasible structure for choosing the right location of an ATM. The study also uses open-ended questionnaires and t test to probe some preliminary factors and to find out the optimal solutions so that a bank decision maker can avoid making mistakes while he or she wants to establish an ATM.
URI: http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#NT900685015
http://hdl.handle.net/11536/69561
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