EVA 與 T、I、OE 比較研究

Abstract

管理在每一個企業中都扮演著不可或缺的角色，而好的管理可以將企業帶向成功之路，然而由於時代的變遷，以傳統會計制度做為績效衡量的方法已跟不上時代的潮流，漸漸的被新的管理與決策手法所取代。近年來有兩項新的績效衡量指標推行於世，分別為Goldratt博士所提倡的限制理論(Theory of Constraint, TOC)中的有效產出(Throughput, T)、存貨╱投資(Inventory╱Investment, I)及作業費用(Operating Expense, OE)與Stern Stewart & Company所提出的經濟附加價值(Economic Value added, EVA)。本研究將以Stern Stewart & Co.所編制的The EVA Training Tutor裡提到的例子：Evan’s House及Evan’s Business來比較限制理論TOC之績效衡量指標T、I、OE與經濟附加價值EVA，就做為績效衡量指標上之異同，並整理其在與傳統會計制度上、使用之便利性、對於員工行為的影響與幫助企業持續改善之差異，以提供企業在面臨各種決策環境下，選擇決策與管理工具的參考。本研究結果顯示EVA與T、I、OE多有相似之處，經理人應視其企業本身的環境與狀況，選擇適合的績效衡量指標，如此才能為企業帶來正面實質的幫助。

In the past years, most companies used the traditional financial costing system as their performance measurement system, unfortunately the system had no longer precise today. In recent years, there were two performance indices advocated: Throughput(T), Inventory╱Investment(I), Operating Expense(OE) of Theory of Constraints (TOC) proposed by Dr. Goldratt and Economic Value added (EVA) developed by Stern Stewart & Company. This paper compares T, I, OE with EVA by two case—Evan’s House and Evan’s Business in The EVA Training Tutor presented by Stern Stewart & Co. This paper also compares T, I, OE with EVA in traditional financial costing system; convenience in application; influence on employees and companies continued improvement. The result of this study shows that T, I, OE and EVA are similar in most conditions and both can be a reference for managers in the application of performance index.