标题: | 醛类有机毒物之单一及混合毒性 Toxicity assessment of aldehyde chemicals |
作者: | 陈诗岚 ShIh -Lan Chen 陈重元 Chung- Yuan Chen 环境工程系所 |
关键字: | 醛;毒性试验;藻类;aldehyde;toxic test;algal |
公开日期: | 2002 |
摘要: | 本研究利用密闭式藻类毒性试验,以11种醛类有机毒性物质为主要对象,探讨其单一毒性效应,并选用Acetonitrile及Malnonotrile两种腈类化合物与五种简单醛类化合物:Formaldehyde、Acetaldehyde、Butyraldehyde、Propionaldehyde及Glutaraldehyde进行混合毒性试验研究。 在单一试验的结果显示,除了2-Pyridinecarboxaldehyde外,皆在以溶氧变化量为试验终点时得到较敏感之EC50值。而在物种间的比较则发现以藻类为受体进行毒性试验之敏感性较Carp及水蚤差,可是较哺乳类动物:老鼠及兔子,以及水体生物:Minnow、绿藻类、Microtox都佳,显示其存在被选择为受体之优越性。进行QSARs模式分析得到去除outlier后回归式之相关系数有大幅提升的现象,在采用两个参数:log P及Elumo进行三维之response-surface回归分析则观察到相同之状况,相关系数R2在去除outlier后可由0.24上升至0.83。 在混合毒性部分,毒性效应最强的协同作用主要出现在以溶氧变化量为试验终点的情况下并佐以大斜率(斜率大于2)加上小斜率(斜率小于2)的组合时最易观察到。若将两种腈类化合物分开来观察其混合后之效应,结果显示:若是以Acetonitrile混合醛类有机物,则混合效应多是拮抗效应;而在醛类毒物和Malononitrile混合所生之效应则是以相加作用为主。这与Microtox之试验结果并不一致,探讨其原因可能是和不同物种对毒性物质之容忍度亦不相同所导致。此外,去除在两种试验终点表现一致的组别后,亦发现剩下的组别里有75%的实验结果是以溶氧变化量为试验终点时较为敏感。 The aim of this study is to use a close system algal toxic test to assess the toxicity of aldehyde chemicals, and evaluate the joint action of aldehyde toxicants with cyanogenic organic chemicals. In aldehyde chemicals, experimental results indicated that more sensitive outcomes were based on DO. When compared to other species, our results were more sensitive than Minnow, other green algal, Microtox, rat and rabbit but carp and daphnia, apparently it is a great microorganism for toxic test. Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR)showed that toxicity values were highly correlated with log P and a two parameter QSAR model was obtained with the inclusion of Elumo. In binary toxicity test, the results indicated that great than additive effect always occurred when these mixed chemicals with steep slope and flat slope. If combined Acetonitrile and aldehyde chemicals, antagonism effect were found; when aldehyde chemicals mixed with Malononitrile got more additive effect. The different outcomes between Microtox and Raphidocelis subcapitata toxic test maybe result from different tolerance to difference microorganism. |
URI: | http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#NT910515016 http://hdl.handle.net/11536/70980 |
显示于类别: | Thesis |