應用於早期乳房腫瘤偵測之手持式近紅外光斷層 影像偵測系統與晶片設計

Abstract

根據世界衛生組織 (WHO)於2008年公佈，在開發中與已開發國家裡，約13.7%的女性腫瘤患者死於乳房腫瘤，且有持續成長的趨勢。由於早期乳房腫瘤治療明顯有助於提升治療後的存活率，因此女性乳癌早期偵測顯得非常重要，且現今已然成為相關研究的重要課題。由於一般女性有乳部硬塊時，往往羞於告人，因此開發可於家中自我診斷的手持式乳房腫瘤偵測系統有助於女性個人乳房監測，有利於早期發現與早期治療。 本系統提出一手持式近紅外光源乳房早期偵測系統，具非侵入式、無輻射危害、低成本、可攜式與友善的使用者介面等特性，以期望成為應用於女性早期乳房診斷的大眾化健康照護系統。本系統以近紅外光偵測且重建總血紅蛋白與組織血氧濃度來診斷乳房組織內可疑的腫瘤，利用近紅外光比X光於組織內光學特性有較高的對比值且非輻射性特性，特別適合做乳房腫瘤的前期偵測。另外，提出以系統化晶片結合前端偵測軟板與系統平台，達到低成本與可攜式的目的。有鑒於智慧型手機與平板的普及化，本系統更進一步結合無線藍芽模組，將顯示的重建畫面傳輸致使用者的電子產品畫面裡，並且於顯示畫面上做畫面處理以利使用者能更清楚地診斷出可疑的乳房腫瘤。 最後，為測試本系統的重建品質，本論文根據乳房組織的吸收與散射係數，製作具腫瘤的乳房仿體。利用不同的腫瘤大小與腫瘤深度，測得本系統可清楚偵測到乳房腫瘤大小為2微米，可偵測到的深度為7微米。

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) released information in 2008, breast cancer had caused around 13.7% cancer deaths in women in developing and developed countries, and the trend is still growing. Since the early breast tumor treatment significantly helps the survival rate after treatment, early breast tumor detection is important, and it has become one of the tough topics in the relative research groups. Because the women usually ashamed to tell people if they have the lumps in breast, to develop a hand-held self-detected breast imaging system in home help women’s breast self examination, and make early detection and early treatment possible. This work proposes a hand-held breast imaging system by using near-infrared light for the early breast tumor detection, with the feature of no invasion, no radiation, low cost, portable device and user friendly interface. The proposed system probes and reconstructs the total hemoglobin concentration and tissue oxygen saturation concentration by using the near-infrared light to diagnose the plausible breast tumor. Due to the near-infrared light have better optical property contrast and no radiation trait comparing to X-ray, it is suitable for breast tumor pre-screening. In addition, the proposed system composed a breast imaging reconstruction chip, flexible front-end sensor and system platform for the purpose of low cost and portable device. Given the popularity of smart phones and pads, the proposed system further combines the wireless Bluetooth module to wirelessly transmit reconstruction image to the consumer electronic, and the image process can emphasize the suspicious breast tumor location clearly. Finally, in order to test the reconstruction image quality of the proposed system, we make a breast-like phantom embedded tumor-like phantom according to the breast tissue absorption and scattering coefficient. With different tumor phantom size and depth, the proposed system can detect the size of 2mm and depth of 7mm.