導入協同運輸管理之閉環式供應鏈網路設計

Abstract

供應鏈環境全球化的發展，使得全球運籌管理成為企業運作之重要課題，供應鏈透過策略聯盟的方式結合不同成員，也使得協同商務成為趨勢。各成員間可透過資訊共享增加供應鏈能見度，並降低長鞭效應。為提升供應鏈運作效率，運輸環節扮演著關鍵性的角色，也因企業追求快速交貨及低庫存的結果，使得供應鏈中運輸整合成為必要條件。供應鏈之策略聯盟方式，由過去的供應商管理庫存，再到協同、規劃、預測、補貨，一直到協同運輸管理才將運輸業納入協同夥伴，以解決物流運輸瓶頸。 本研究構建一導入協同運輸管理之閉環式供應鏈網路設計模型，以最大化整體供應鏈利潤。透過協同運輸管理之容量調整過程，以提高供應鏈運作效率。此外考慮產品組成來源之不同，結合產品回收之逆物流部分形成閉環式供應鏈網路。 針對有無導入協同運輸管理之模式進行情境比較，最後透過變動運輸供給量、異常狀況處理成本、異常狀況未處理成本等重要參數，進行敏感度分析。結果顯示導入協同運輸管理之模式利潤高於傳統閉環式網路設計模式；而正向物流之運輸供給量則較逆向物流之運輸供給量，對整體供應鏈利潤影響為大。

Due to the development of globalization, the environment of supply chain has changed, and making global logistics management become an important issue to business operations. Supply chain through strategic alliance to make different members work together making collaborative business a trend, and then increase visibility of supply chain and reduce the bullwhip effect by information sharing. To improve the operation performance, the efficiency of global distribution is playing a critical role. More and more companies are seeking out quick deliver and lower inventory, transportation integration is essential within the supply chain. However, the problem of physical distribution can be solved until CTM making transportation a collaborative partner. In this research, a closed-loop supply chain network design model with collaborative transportation management has been build, to maximizing total supply chain profit. Through the process of adjusting capacity by CTM, companies can increase their operation efficiency. Besides, to consider the sources of product can be different, the model include the part of product return. Finally, the research find out that the model with CTM has higher profit than without CTM, and the available capacity of forward logistics is more important than reverse logistics.