為音樂初學者設計之單旋律色彩音樂記譜系統

Abstract

音樂教師在指導音樂初學者時，發現音樂初學者經常在學習音樂讀譜時遭遇困難。一般常用的樂譜符號，讓音樂初學者需花費許多時間記憶，通常在初學階段讓音樂初學者無法產生學習興趣。本研究提出一個全新發展的色彩音樂記譜系統，用以改善音樂初學者對五線譜與簡譜的認知問題。單旋律可讓初學較容易學習讀譜與彈奏，增加音樂初學者在音樂初學階段的自信心。色彩音樂記譜系統是以人類的視覺與聽覺結合，設計出以音樂與色彩共感覺連結的色彩樂譜。色彩樂譜設計的方法是將音樂要素音高、音長、音域及音量以編碼方式對應色相、分格、點狀圖形及形狀大小。以十二個音高對應Itten的色輪(color wheel)的十二個顏色，並使用NCS色彩系統，以確認在製作樂譜時能使色彩更具準確性。 本研究者為改善五線譜及簡譜之缺點，設計一種新的「色彩音樂記譜系統」，作為輔助工具以幫助音樂初學者。期盼能改善音樂初學者讀譜彈奏的學習，使能迅速讀譜，彈出簡單的樂曲，並激發其學習興趣，提升其學習與彈奏音樂的愉悅感與成就感。本研究的目的，即為比較音樂初學者使用傳統五線譜與本研究者所設計的「色彩音樂記譜系統」，在讀譜彈奏成效上的差異。研究方法是要求18位視力正常，且未學習過讀譜與鋼琴演奏的受測者，分別學習五線譜、色彩譜及鋼琴演奏後，應用其來讀譜彈奏兩首不同複雜程度的單旋律鋼琴樂曲，並由研究者記錄其彈奏錯誤次數。彈奏之後並以問卷方式，詢問受測者對此兩種記譜系統的使用效能與偏好的看法。本研究的結果發現，本研究所提出之色彩譜在音高、音長之讀譜彈奏錯誤率上，及音高、音長、音域、音量在讀譜容易度即使用性方面之主觀評價方面，皆優於五線譜。由本文之研究結果得知色彩記譜系統設計之色彩樂譜，能使音樂初學者讀譜變得更快速、容易和準確。

Music teachers often encounter obstructions in teaching music beginners in music reading. Conventional notational symbols require muic beginners to spend significant amount of time in memorizing, which discourages learning at early stage. This article proposes a newly developed color music notation system that may improve the recognition of the staff and the numbered musical notation for music beginners. Single melodies are the focus that are relatively easy for music beginners to read and to play, which may increase students’ confidence at the first step of music learning. The color music notation system that associates color music scores with color and music synesthesia by human vision and audition is proposed. Pitch, duration, range, and intensity of music elements are coded as colors, lattices, graphs, and shape sizes, respectively. Based on the twelve notes, we adopt the Itten color wheel and the natural color system with twelve primary colors to retain colors accurately when the notation is reproduced. In this paper, the authors design a new “color music notation system” to improve the disadvantages of staff, and this system is to be an assistant tool of music reading to help music beginners in music learning. We hope music beginners who can promote their learning abilities of music reading, incluing read scores quickly, play music pieces simply, raise interest in music, inspire their pleasure, and improve achievement in music reading and playing. The purpose is in order to compare the effects of music reading and playing between the staff and the color music notation. The method is to test 18 subjects that they have good vision and never learn music reading and piano playing. After the subjects learn the staff, the color-music notation, and the piano playing, and then the subjects adopt to sight-playing the different levels of the single-melodies of the staff and the color music notation of the two music pieces. Authors record the error numbers of pitch and duration, and they also ask subjects to fill out the form of questions of music arbitrary scales to inquire their opinions that are using effects and druthers of the two music notations. From the results of research findings, we can find the sight-playing error numbers in pitch and duration and music arbitrary scales in pitch, duration, range, and intensity that the using and learning effectives of the color music notation are better than the staff. Hopefully, music beginners can use the novel colored music scores to read and to play music quickly, accurately, and confidently.