77GHz汽車雷達基頻信號處理器之設計與實現

Abstract

近年來，汽車雷達系統廣泛採用頻率調頻連續波(frequency modulated continuous wave; FMCW)這項技術。然而，傳統頻率調頻連續波雷達在多目標環境下會遭遇虛假目標(ghost target)以及重疊等問題。在本論文中，吾人提出嶄新的基頻訊號處理架構及演算法。首先，為了符合觀測時間並避免射頻前端(RF front end)的負荷，本系統採用三段不同斜率波形。再者，藉由引入新的配對機制(pairing mechanism)及空間濾波器(spatial filter)設計演算法，吾人所提出的偵測架構只需較少的配對時間就可提供較高的可靠度。吾人進一步將所提出的基頻訊號處理演算法實現在基頻訊號處理器上。為了降低基頻訊號處理演算法在基頻訊號處理器上執行的時間，吾人發展出一套高效低記憶體使用之方法。吾人藉由電腦模擬及硬體仿真驗證所提方法可良好運作在汽車雷達之環境。

In recent years, frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) technique is widely used in automotive radar systems. However, typical FMCW radars encounter some problems, e.g. the ghost target and overlapping problems, in multi-target situations. In this thesis, we propose a new design of baseband signal processing architecture and algorithms. To satisfy the short measurement time constraint without increasing the RF front end loading, the three-segment waveform with different slopes is adopted. By introducing new pairing mechanism and the spatial filter design algorithm, the proposed detection architecture requires low pairing time and provides high reliability. The proposed baseband signal processing algorithms is further implemented on a baseband signal processor. To reduce the execution time of the proposed baseband signal processing algorithms on the baseband signal processor, a high efficiency approach with low memory usage is developed. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is confirmed by computer simulation and hardware emulation.