早產兒經口餵食即時監測系統之開發

Abstract

經口餵食障礙是一種常見於早產兒的症狀，臨床證據顯示經口餵食障礙不僅對身體的成長及神經行為發展會有不利的影響，也是目前早期觀察高危險群發展遲緩早產兒的重要指標之一。早產兒必須巧妙地控制「吸吮－吞嚥－呼吸」三個動作，避免造成嗆奶、肺部吸入、缺氧、心博過緩或呼吸中止等現象。然而，目前並沒有一套客觀完整的早產兒經口餵食監測系統，早產兒經口餵食障礙嚴重程度的判斷和分類大多是主觀和階段性的評估。在此研究中，我們發展出一套無線非侵入式監測系統連續監測早產兒吸吮壓力、吞嚥聲音以及胸部運動，進而由簡單圖形介面顯示經口餵食的效率及可能的危險分類。最後，實驗結果指出足月兒與早產兒的吸吮和吞嚥頻率有顯著差異。

The oral feeding disorder is common in preterm infants. It not only shows the adverse effect for growth and neurodevelopment in clinical but also becomes one of the important indicators of high risk group for neurodevelopment delay in preterm infants. The preterm infants must coordinate the motor patterns of sucking, swallowing, and breathing skillfully to avoid chocking, aspiration, oxygen desaturation, bradycardia or apnea episodes. However, there is no objective and complete monitoring system for oral feeding in preterm infants. The judgment and classification severity in preterm infants are mostly subjective and phasic evaluations. In this study, a non-invasive and wireless multi-channel monitoring system for oral feeding in preterm infants was developed to continuously monitor sucking pressure, swallowing sound and chest movement. Next, the oral feeding efficiency and possible risk group in preterm infants were shown by simple graphic interface. Finally, the experimental results indicated that sucking and swallowing frequencies in term infants are significantly different from preterm infants.