圖騰化光罩之光學三維多點觸控系統

Abstract

皆凡從3D電影、電視，到youtube提供線上3D影片功能，近期手機甚至也推出了3D顯示功能，3D技術儼然成為現下智慧型裝置的必備功能。為提供更直觀且方便的人機互動方式，使用者介面也將勢必轉變為3D立體互動；而綜觀現下，相機3D互動系統已經廣泛的運用於電視等大尺寸顯示器上，近來甚至使用相機陣列將互動系統架於筆電等中尺寸面板上，然而，卻沒有適合在手機、平板面板等攜帶型裝置上之3D互動設備。 顧及到攜帶型裝置追求輕薄、近距離互動等訴求，本論文採用內嵌光學感測元件的架構。然而至今已有少數研究已此為基礎並額外設計系統以達3D互動之效用，但根據他們的系統及演算法設計，需要架設額外光源，又或者需要長時間擷取等，衍生出不少硬體設計之議題；共通的是，他們皆無法達到3D多點互動之功能，實為互動系統之遺憾。故在此，本論文目標致力於提供多點互動之功能。 本實驗架構在光學感測元件上設計了圖騰化光罩，藉由光罩上之開孔設計使光學感測元件偵測多角度入射光，並藉此特性，提出聚類(clustering)以及最大相似回歸(maximum likelihood regression)取得多點互動之三維座標(x,y,z)。進而在四吋面板上加一層圖騰光罩以驗證此概念，通過實驗，本系統能夠支援近距離互動達35mm，並同時能夠偵測最多三個點之觸控，且最大解析每個觸控點的相互距離小於25mm。

Recently, the emergence of 3D display poses a strong effect on human-machine interface; to provide user with an intuitive interface to interact with 3D images, 3D air-touch system is desired. Among all kinds of 3D air-touch system, there are already camera-based systems implemented on large and medium displays, such as on TV game and monitor application. However, there is none for mobile applications; in pursuit of slim and near-distance working range; embedded photosensor-based is taken into consideration. Limited by construction complexity, embedded photosensor-based systems need extra light source and are not equipped with multi-touch function. Hence, we designed a system by using coded optical barrier on embedded photosensors to resolve these two issues, and proposed a coded-barrier-based algorithm including ISODATA clustering (x,y) and depth maximum likelihood regression (z), to obtain 3D positions (x,y,z) of multiple inputs. Finally, our concept was implemented on a 4-inch panel with a home-made coded optical barrier attached on the surface. The prototype was able to sense upmost three touch inputs simultaneously within 35 mm working range, and the minimum separation between touch points was 25 mm; the maximum errors of 3D positions (x,y,z) are (2,2,5) mm individually.