我國性交易管制： 從女性主義與實證研究評析社會秩序維護法

Abstract

娼妓被稱為世界上最古老的職業，其合法性辯論由來已久；2009年的釋字第666號與2011年的《社會秩序維護法》修法，更重新喚起社會大眾、女權團體以及法學界對此議題的重視。然而修法過程的紛爭擾攘、修法結果的利弊得失，仍未獲得共識與定論。暨此，本文基於女性主義的法學思維，以尋求對弱勢性工作者最有利之制度設計為目標，在理論介紹部分簡述「女性主義理論與流派」、「台灣女權運動史」、「世界各國性交易管制政策」、「我國性交易管制政策演進」以及「《社會秩序維護法》流變」等與性交易議題密切相關的學說與歷史背景。 其次，本文核心之研究內容，運用實證研究方法中之質性訪談法，訪談九位身處與性產業執法相關領域的專業人士，包括學者、法官、檢察官、警官、立法委員、社工以及性工作者，確認其對於《社會秩序維護法》實踐程序、立法過程與行政執行的妥適性及完備性與否之看法，藉以了解該法現行運作有無缺失、如何改善；最後，於結論部分，就性交易之管制與發展之政策設計，分為近程、中程、遠程三階段提出本文建議，作為未來相關研究者、立法者與執政者之參考。

Being called as “the world’s oldest profession,” the legality of prostitution has long been debated. J. Y. Interpretation No. 666 made in 2009 and the amendment of Social Order Maintenance Act passed in 2011 aroused the attention on this issue from the public, feminist organizations and legal scholars; however, they have yet reach a consensus on its pros and cons. Therefore, based on feminism thinking, this article firstly introduces “feminist theories,” “feminist movements in Taiwan,” “prostitution regulations in other countries,” “prostitution regulation in Taiwanese history” and “the development of Social Order Maintenance Act,” in order to acquire a policy most friendly to vulnerable sex workers. Secondly, under qualitative research method in empirical study, this article interviewed 9 interviewees who are professionals in fields related to prostitution, including scholars, judges, prosecutor, police officer, legislator, social worker and sex worker, in order to realize their experiences, opinions and suggestions toward Social Order Maintenance Act. Lastly, as legislation amendment proposal, advises are classified into a 3 stages: short-term, mid-term and long-term goals are recommended, as a reference to future researchers, policy makers and administerial executors.