具有線電壓重建及平方正弦波技術以達到高功率因數及低總諧波失真之降壓型功率因數校正控制器

Abstract

隨著世界人口的快速成長，電子產品變成人類社會不可或缺的一部分。儘管如此，人類使用越多的電子產品同時也意味著地球的資源將會越快被耗盡。因此，近年來綠能產業也越來越蓬勃發展，由於綠色能源電子產品的誕生，人類能夠有效的利用地球的能源資源，並且希望能夠做到永續發展的目標。針對高瓦數的電子產品，例如：空調系統及大尺寸的電視螢幕而言，功率因素變成必須要考量的指標性數值之一。如果高瓦數的電子產品卻有低落的功率因素，那麼將會大大降低發電廠的發電效率並且浪費不必要的熱能及資源在傳輸電力的電線上面。此外，低功率因素也可能會造成電子產品的故障或者是壽命的縮點。因此，功率因素校正控制器變成在發展電力電子技術中重要的一環。 通常操作在連續導通模式的降壓型功率因素校正控制器有著比較困難的電路和操作方式。主要原因是因為連續導通模式的降壓型控制器有著導通角度的限制，而此限制會造成輸入線電壓資訊的失真。此外，由於控制器屬於降壓型控制，輸入線電流也因為操作方式的不同而造成形狀失真的問題。以上兩種原因，讓連續導通模式的降壓型功率因素校正控制器變得困難許多。因此，這篇論文提出了線電壓重建以及平方正弦波的兩種技術。線電壓重建技術能夠消除導通角限制所導致的線電壓失真現象，讓總協波失真有大幅降低的空間。此外，平方正弦波電流控制技術能夠正確的調整輸入電流為正弦波並且與輸入電壓同相位。有了這些技術，本篇論文所提出的連續導通模式之降壓型功率因素校正控制器在110V市電輸入的情況下，能夠達到0.98之峰值效率以及0.95的功率因素。此論文所述之測試晶片是由世界先進有限公司之500V隔離型製成代為製作。

Because of the growing of popularity, electricity products have become an essential part in the human society. However, the more electric product that people used means the faster resource of earth will exhaust. Therefore, green power has become an important role recently to save energy on earth. For high power devices such as air conditioners or televisions that people used every day, power factor (PF) is an indicator to represent the green power level. Commercial products with poor PF waste energy of power planets. Poor PF not only reduces the efficiency of power planets but also the life time of electric products. As a result, power factor corrector (PFC) is a necessary part for supplying those devices. The PFC operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM) is a difficult way to obtain high PF and low total harmonic distortion (THD) because of the distortion of input line voltage and the input line current. The proposed line voltage rebuilt (LVR) technique can eliminate the distortion of line voltage caused by the dead angle. On the other hand, the sine square current modulation (SSCM) technique can shape the input line current into the sinusoid waveform and thus in-phase with the line voltage. With these techniques, the proposed CCM buck-type PFC with high PF and efficiency and low THD at heavy loads can be achieved. The test chip was fabricated in Vanguard 500V BCD process and experimental results show that PF is higher than 0.95 and peak efficiency is 98% at 110vAC.