運用Black-Scholes選擇權評價方法於圖書館預算分配之動態資源規劃

Abstract

在資訊服務競爭激烈且多元化的今天，大學圖書館是師生尋求資訊與奠定學術研究基石的資源重鎮，肩負支援教學、研究、學習與推廣的重要任務，如何因應資訊技術之衝擊，為讀者提供完善的服務是圖書館經營的一大挑戰。圖書館為了能滿足讀者的需求無不致力於館藏的發展，但是館藏的發展並非漫無目的購入書籍即可，而所需思考的問題是，如何探究讀者的需求、瞭解讀者使用圖書的情形，進而作調整與創新。另ㄧ方面，面對多樣化媒體及緊縮經費同時，該如何善用選購資源以滿足讀者需求為更是圖書館必須嚴正以對的課題。 本研究中提出ㄧ個基於Black-Scholes Model評價模式概念的動態資源規劃方法，同時結合資料探勘技術找出規劃指標來進行資源分配，將其應用在圖書館的館藏發展。此方法藉由分析大學圖書館之讀者的借閱行為來進行動態資源分配，做為館藏發展政策決策輔助之用。利用本研究所提出的方法，對一大學圖書館進行資源規劃，實驗結果顯示與傳統使用的統計方式相較，更為貼近實際借閱情形，表示本研究結果可作為館藏採購之考量。 依此創新的方法來進行動態資源規劃以解決資源分配不均的問題，能有效應用於圖書館購書預算分配，其中採用有意義的讀者需求指標，且能因應變動的環境需求彈性調整參數，讓有限的資源獲得最佳的運用，可做為館藏採購時決策輔助之用。此方法未來可加入更多指標，並廣泛應用於其他領域以有效運用資源並提升組織競爭力。

At today, the competition at the information service industry was harsh and broad. College library was the important resource that established foundation of academic research for professors and students to seek for information. It undertook the important tasks of teaching, researching, learning and popularizing. The topic of dealing with the shocks from information technique and providing complete and fine service for readers was now challenging the wisdom of the librarian. The libraries were all devoted to collection development in meeting with the reader’s demand, however, collection development definitely not purchasing the books aimlessly. The issue was, how to probe into the reader’s demand and the way they took advantage of the books, and further make further adjustments and innovations. In addition, when facing the multimedia and restricted budget, how to select and purchase the appropriate resources was the central issue for the libraries. This research introduced a dynamic resources allocation method based on Black-Scholes model, at the same time combined with the data mining technology to find out the allocation indexes for resources allocation, and further applied it to the collection development. This methods processed dynamic resources allocation through analysis of the borrowing behavior of the readers in college library, as the reference for developing collection development policies. The experiment results showed that the method in this research was more coordinated with the actual borrowing quantity compared with the traditional statistical approach, which showed that the result of this research was available for the collection procurement. This research introduced an innovative method of dynamic resources allocation to solve the problem of imbalance resources allocation, and it could effectively apply to the procurement budget allocation of the libraries. It adopted the meaningful index of reader’s demand, and could further flexibly adjust the parameters in response to the changing environment, to make the best use of limited resources. There were many indexes could be added to this method in the future, and wildly applied to other fields, to enhance organizational competitiveness through efficient resources allocation.