數位遊戲中玩家介入遊戲設計的分類

Abstract

近年來，市面上充斥著各式各樣的遊戲，玩家對遊戲內容的期望越來越高，遊戲的複雜度也跟隨著提升。玩家在遊戲中不單只是照著遊戲規則進行遊戲，許多玩家常常會以不同於遊戲設計者當初設計遊戲的方式進行遊戲，有時更會訂下新的遊戲規則來進行遊戲。不止遊戲設計師無法預測到玩家在遊戲中的行為，而且“玩家介入遊戲設計”這種行為，常常會因此而形成另一種遊戲的社群，越來越多的玩家參考其他玩家所創造的新遊戲或訂立的新規則來進行遊戲。隨著遊戲設計內容的複雜化、玩法與機制的多樣化，與遊戲設計者所提供的遊戲自由度越來越大，這種現象也越來越明顯。此外，數位遊戲是遊戲一種新的型態，因為數位遊戲的變化性又較傳統遊戲來的複雜，也使得遊戲的變化更加的多樣化。 遊戲公司通常不希望玩家以非正當的方式來進行遊戲，例如修改遊戲的程式碼，或是破解遊戲的檔案，因為這種行為除了破壞了原來遊戲規則，很有可能會因此破壞了遊戲的趣味，進而縮短了遊戲的壽命。又因為在遊戲設計中，遊戲設計師沒有辦法設計出符合所有人口味的遊戲，也很不容易去找到玩家真正希望玩到的遊戲內容，因為往往連玩家自己也不太清楚自己想要的是什麼，因此，遊戲的設計漸漸的開放讓玩家能介入遊戲的設計，玩家可以透過遊戲設計者提供的功能來設計遊戲的內容。 因此，“開放讓玩家介入遊戲設計”的功能，逐漸成為設計遊戲的一種趨勢。本研究比較玩家設計造成遊戲改變的不同程度，並且從「遊戲設計者和遊戲本身」以及「玩家和遊戲社會」二種不同的觀點來分析玩家設計對遊戲以及對其他玩家所造成的影響。研究玩家設計對遊戲以及遊戲族群所造成的影響，對於遊戲設計、延長遊戲壽命，或是其他遊戲玩家分類等的研究都能提供重要的基礎。

In recent years, the more games created by game company, the more complex games become, and the richer content requested by players. Not only game companies cannot predict and understand how their players will behave in game, but also their players cannot always meet the expectation in terms of interaction rules, gaming styles, and the ways of storytelling by game company. Therefore, some of players try to set up new rules on original games. Others create new scenes or ways of competition by use of game editors provided by game company. And, more and more players play new games or follow modified games rules designed by other players. Besides, more and more companies willingly provide more instructions and tools for their players to design their own scenes. Most of game companies prefer to release some modifiable mechanisms for their players rather than watching their players trying to hack the games. These instructions can be environment characteristics editor, artificial intelligence rule base and characteristics of avatar, story line of whole scene, even the assignment of rewards. In a result, the game design turns into an open-ended form. Players can step in the design of game. “Open-ended design” is a trend of game design. This research observes the connection between player design and game in two different dimensions. In the first point of view, we look inside the game. We discuss about how game designer or game itself could work upon player design. In the second point of view, we observe outside the game including the relation between games and players, and the relation between players and game community. We discuss what, why, and how player’s design appears in this dimension. The research of player design and the effects of player design on game community can make a great help on game design or extending the life cycle of games.