號誌路口時制轉換時段長度之模擬研究

Abstract

路網中的號誌路口是都市運輸系統中最重要的設施之一，而現今路口的號誌控制器皆可建置多套時制計畫，能在預設的時間或有特定需求時進行時制轉換，以因應不同的交通狀況。由於目前對不同號誌時制轉換方法的效率、轉換期間的長短、時相補償程序對路口績效水準的影響等甚少實證，且在相關文獻中，亦鮮少涉及前後不同的時制計畫的轉換與程序。本研究首先由文獻回顧綜合各種時制設計方法與轉換原則，建構一同時具備多重與重疊時相遞換能力的時制轉換模式，並經由TSIS模擬平台的輔助，發展RTE外掛程式，提供時制轉換前後各時相動態切換時間之用。本研究在不同的流量水準與前後時制組合之下，對八種不同情境進行實驗設計與模擬，並對本研究模式與其他重要時制轉換法的輸出速率與延誤績效進行交叉統計檢定、分析與比較，最後歸納最適時制轉換時段的長度與檢討各補償週期對時制轉換過程產生的問題與效果。

Signalized intersections are one of the most critical facilities of an urban transportation system. With multiple build-in timing plans, modern signal controllers have high flexibility to perform the function of timing switchovers to adapt to various traffic conditions. Unfortunately, neither of the practical tests showed that the existing approaches can operate timely and efficiently, nor of them provided insight to the traffic performance that various timing transition procedures may result. Based on some findings from the literature review, this study started with a model formulation to deal with timing transition under multiple and/or overlapping phasing conditions. Via TSIS simulation platform, a RTE program is also developed for dynamically tracing, activating, and terminating phases at the set switchover points. With various volume levels and timing combinations, this study proceeded a number of experimental designs and simulation to eight major scenarios. A series of sensitivity tests were also conducted. The analyses showed that the newly developed model could lead to a relatively good performance as compared with the others under most of the demand levels. Some transition periods for specific traffic and control conditions were also suggested based on statistical tests and comparisons.