年長者個人行動健康照護裝置之設計與評估

Abstract

在現今老化的世代中，健康議題備受重視，研究者發現，危害年長者健康的重大原因之一即為健康知識的缺乏，因此本研究從探討年長者生活形態著手，完整定義其健康照護資訊需求，並產生行動健康照護裝置的具體設計概念，利用情境察覺技術偵測周圍情境或個人生理指標，適時提供年長者所需資訊與輔助。為使能夠深入洞察年長者的健康照護需求，本研究集結多項產品創新設計的方法論，以情節設計為主軸，結合快速人種誌、深度訪談、活動理論等多種需求擷取與分析的方法，使設計過程更加嚴謹，降低產品不符使用者需求的風險。研究結果歸納出年長者的健康照護活動需求包含單一資訊接收窗口、專業協助或提醒、巨集式事件處理、簡易記錄傳輸方式、預知身體狀況等五項；建構出的健康照護裝置具體設計概念則為貼心叮嚀、活動快訊與行事曆、烹飪建議、遠距教學、應帶物品清單、交通資訊、無線射頻感應、線上諮詢、飲食建議、運動建議、自我照護等十一項，使用Macromedia Flash MX 2004軟體，將具體情節包裝成動畫，並請年長者、照護者、遠方親友、醫護人員等使用者及關係人進行評估。評估結果顯示受訪者認為生理指標監控最為重要，能夠降低年長者及親友的不安情緒；遠距教學由於扼殺了實體的交流機會，因此評估結果較不受尊崇；其他功能則依不同類型的年長者有不同程度的需求，顯示本研究定義出的各項具體設計概念整體而言雖符合年長者的需求，但未來仍須進一步針對個人化的議題深入研究。

In the aging generation, the issue of health has been the main concern. The researchers find that the lack of health knowledge, threatening the elders’ health, is one of significant reasons. Therefore, this research probes on the elders’ lifestyle to identify the elders’ needs for healthcare information, and then generates a concrete design concept of the mobile healthcare device. By detecting context and personal physical indexes with context-aware technology, this device can provide information and auxiliaries for the elders in time. In order to thoroughly understand the elders’ healthcare needs and to reduce the risk of bad design, we use many methodologies such as Scenario-Based Design, Rapid Ethnography, Deeply Interview, and Activity Theory. The results show that the elders’ needs for the healthcare activity that include single information channel, specialized assistance or reminders, macro event supports, easy recording and transmitting methods, and detection of physical condition. The concrete design concepts of the healthcare device are intimate reminders, activity information and calendars, culinary suggestion, distance learning, checklist, traffic information, radio frequency identification, on-line consultation, diet suggestion, athletic suggestion, and self-care. The proposed concept was presented as the concrete scenario by Macromedia Flash MX 2004 evaluated by the elders, carers, relatives, and medical staff. The results indicate that physical-index detection is the most important one that decreases the elders’ and relatives’ misgivings. Distance learning is not preferred since there is no physical interaction. As for other functions, they satisfy the elders separately. Although those concrete design concepts in the thesis meet elders’ needs, the detail of personalized issues should be researched more in the future.