考量存貨空間需求下之自動倉儲系統儲位分類

Abstract

儲位配置（Storage Allocation）是倉儲系統設計的重要課題。一般而言，儲位配置可分為固定儲位（Dedicated Storage）、隨機儲位（Randomized Storage）與分類儲位（Class-based Storage）。決定儲位配置時主要需考量存貨空間需求與存取作業時間，但此兩種因素往往互相衝突，而分類儲位則在兩者之間取其平衡。本論文探討自動倉儲系統（Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems，AS/RS）之分類儲位策略，在同時考量存貨空間需求與作業時間下，決定分類個數及如何分類，以提升存取作業效率。我們提出了一個數學最佳化模式並以啟發式演算法求解。模擬的結果驗證了此啟發式演算法的有效性，並提供了倉儲系統儲位配置的建議。

Storage allocation is an important issue in warehousing systems. Dedicated, random and class-based policies are three typical forms of storage allocation. The major considerations of deciding the storage type are space requirement and picking traveling time, and the class-based storage policy considers the trade-off between them. This work studies on class-based storage policies for automated storage and retrieval systems (AS/RS) to enhance picking operation efficiency considering both space requirement and traveling time simultaneously. In particular, we focus on how to determine the number of the classes and how to allocate products into each class. A mathematical optimization model is presented and a heuristic algorithm is also proposed. Simulated cases demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and provide managerial findings.