應用資訊－動機－行為技巧模式（IMB Model）探討愛滋病防治相關因素及社會污名作用之影響

Abstract

本研究之主要目的是應用資訊－動機－行為技巧模式做為理論架構，探討愛滋防治相關因素及其受社會污名化作用影響的情形，資訊以愛滋病知識檢測，動機以健康信念模式衡量，行為技巧則以自我效能界定，並加入個人因素之人口特性、健康內外控及社會情境因素如資訊豐富度、社會污名等變項一併探討彼此之間的關係。以網路問卷方式，針對可能從事高危險行為者為對象進行資料搜集，所得資料以積差相關進行統計分析，並以階層迴歸做假設檢定。 研究結果顯示，樣本在愛滋病知識方面之得分極高，但與健康信念之間呈現負向關係，而人口特性中的性別、教育程度及年齡對愛滋病防治行為有顯著影響，社會污名與愛滋病篩檢、健康信念及愛滋病防治行為分別有正、負向顯著影響。而愛滋病相關資訊豐富與否對愛滋病防治行為有正向影響。

The main purpose of this study is to utilize the information-motivation-behavioral skills model (IMB) to evaluate relationships linking social stigma and HIV/AIDS prevention. Information of the AIDS virus, motivation from the belief in good health, and behavior demonstrated by self-efficiency make up the IMB model. Demography variables such as health locus of control (HLC) are also used to evaluate the relationship between social stigma and HIV/AIDS prevention. This study uses a survey of people who have a high risk of HIV infection. Pearson's Correlation and Hierarchical Regression are used to analyze the data.

The results show that the participants who received very high AIDS knowledge points received low points for the health-awareness section. Sex education and age play a major role in AIDS prevention behavior. The study also found that social stigma has both positive and negative impacts in dealing with AIDS. Information about AIDS is a positive effect AIDS prevention behavior, since it increases people’s awareness of the AIDS virus and lowers the risk of behavior that may lead to AIDS.