以伽馬射線照射及氣–固反應製備含硫化鋅及氧化鋅量子點之奈米纖維高分子複合材料

Abstract

本研究發展了一種嶄新且簡單的方法來製備含ZnS或ZnO奈米顆粒的高分子奈米複合纖維。我們發現一種壓克力單體甲基丙烯酸鋅(ZnMA)會在含水乙醇中會自組裝成100到200奈米寬、數十到數百微米長的奈米纖維。ZnMA單體在極水量極少的無水乙醇中，會形成膠體懸浮液，如果再進一步提高水含量，膠體聚集的現象會使單體自組織成纖維凝膠。我們使用伽馬射線輻射將ZnMA單體奈米纖維聚合成高分子(P-ZnMA)奈米纖維。再進一步地於常溫下使用氣–固硫化反應在類似奈米反應器的單體纖維上原位生成ZnS奈米顆粒，或是在相對低溫下使用熱氧化反應，將單體中的鋅離子完全轉化成ZnO奈米顆粒。最後我們對此複合材料的光激發光及粒徑分析等性質作詳細的分析。

A novel technique of the facile fabrication of polymer nanofibers containing ZnS/ZnO quantum dots is presented. The acrylic monomer zinc methacrylate (ZnMA) has a tendency to self-assemble into nanofibers with 100-200 nm widths and tens to hundreds of micrometers lengths in moist ethanol. We discover that the monomer powder forms a colloidal suspension in 99.5vol.% ethanol which only contains a small amount of water. In addition, if we further increase water content, colloidal aggregation will induce the suspension to form fibrous gel. Monomeric ZnMA nanofibers were polymerized and formed poly(zinc methacrylate) (P-ZnMA) nanofibers by 60Co γ-ray irradiation. We further introduced H2S into P-ZnMA nanofibers as nanoreactors by in-situ gas/solid sulfidation and completely converted Zinc ion to ZnS nanoparticles at room temperature. ZnO nanoparticles were prepared by thermal oxidation at relatively low temperature. Photoluminescence spectra and average particle size were analyzed detail in this thesis.