民間參與興建學生宿舍之可行性—以交通大學為例

Abstract

由於政府預算有限，於民國88年制定「國立大學校院基金設置條例」，所有國立大學校院自民國89年起須設立校務基金，自行掌管經費支出的部份。加上近年來教育部已明示不補助國立大學宿舍的興建，並指出對於具有自償性之公共建設計畫，盡量鼓勵民間投資，採用BOT模式興建宿舍，希望能藉由民間專長與資金興建並經營宿舍，提升品質與效率。故校方興建宿舍資金來源可以尋求民間資金或自行貸款籌措經費。事實上，民間參與模式並非只有BOT一種，還有其他不同型態的模式。本研究以交通大學目前正在進行之宿舍案件，選擇民間參與模式中之BOT與BT-OT模式為代表，從中探討兩模式在興建學生宿舍上之適用性與可行性分析，並指出校方採用BOT模式興建宿舍可能忽略的潛在風險與問題。一個良好的計畫案，財務規劃總是成敗之關鍵。從國內外BOT案件來看，幾乎所有失敗的BOT案都是發生在財務方面，本研究透過財務模型的設計，從財務面探討兩種模式之可行性，以期對本案有一個更完整的評估。並探討在一完整的BOT案中，校方所應扮演的角色，歸納出其間之權衡點以為其後之公共建設參與者引以參考。 BOT計畫若執行得當，一方面可減輕政府財政負擔，一方面又可為民間業者帶來商機與創造就業機會，且能以較有效率的方式去興建及經營公共建設，能為社會創造多贏的局面。然而民間參與並非只有BOT一種模式，且BOT模式尚處於起步階段，國人在實行BOT模式的同時，應對BOT模式的內涵詳加了解，選擇適當之民間參與模式，才能知其弊、用其利，達到民間與政府雙贏的局面。

Because of the pressure of fiscal expenditure, the government budget for education has decreased recently. In 2000, the government enacted the regulation called “The Establishment of Funds of National University”, required all national universities setting up school funds for their own administrative affairs. Partial expenditure must be raised by school themselves. Actually, BOT is not the only mode in private participation, there are still other kinds of modes. This research chooses BOT and BT-OT modes as representatives to analyze the feasibility in building University Dormitories.

Promoting private participation in infrastructure projects has been a major government policy recently. And due to reduction of financial aids form the Department of Education, some universities are encouraged to apply BOT method to build campus dormitories. In spite of some advantages for schools to use BOT model to build campus dormitory, there are still some potential risks and problems that people don’t be aware of.

This research takes National Chiao Tung University dormitory case as a base case to evaluate its investment, financial and law feasibility and makes a comparison between the BOT mode and BT-OT mode for campus dormitory development undergone by national universities. This objective of this research is to analyze advantages and disadvantages of each method in order to provide suggestions for correlatives to understand BOT mode further.