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Study of hydrogen-bonding strength in poly(epsilon-caprolactone) blends by DSC and FTIR
(2001-06-15)
Kuo, SW
;
Huang, CF
;
Chang, FC
;
應用化學系
;
Department of Applied Chemistry
The hydrogen-bonding strength of poly(epsilon -caprolactone) (PCL) blends with three different well-known hydrogen-bonding donor polymers [i.e., phenolic, poly(vinyl-phenol) (PVPh), and phenoxy] was investigated with differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. All blends exhibited a single glass-transition temperature with differential scanning calorimetry, which is characteristic of a miscible system. The strength of interassociation depended on the hydrogen-bonding donor group in the order phenolic/PCL > PVPh/PCL > phenoxy/PCL, which corresponds to the q value of the Kwei equation. Tn addition, the interaction energy density parameter calculated from the melting depression of PCL with the Nishi-Wang equation resulted in a similar trend in terms of the hydrogen-bonding strength. Quantitative analyses on the fraction of hydrogen-bonded carbonyl groups in the molten state were made with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for all systems, and good correlations between thermal behaviors and infrared results were observed. (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Poly(acetoxystyrene-co-isobutylstyryl POSS) nanocomposites: Characterization and molecular interaction
(2002)
Xu, HY
;
Kuo, SW
;
Huang, CF
;
Chang, FC
;
應用化學系
The poly (acetoxy styrene-co-isobutyl styryl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes)s (PAS-POSS) were synthesized by free radical polymerization and characterized by FTIR, high resolution NMR, FTIR, GPC, and DSC. The results show that the POSS content can be controlled by varying the POSS feed ratios. The interactions between organic components and inorganic POSS core, and the effects of inorganic POSS core on the properties of the resulting hybrids were investigated by high resolution solid state C-13 NMR, Si-29 NMR and FTIR spectra. The results provide detailed understandings of the effects of POSS moiety on properties of hybrid polymers.
A constrained multibody system dynamics avoiding kinematic singularities
(2002-03-01)
Huang, CF
;
Yan, CD
;
Jeng, SL
;
Cheing, WH
;
機械工程學系
In the analysis of constrained multibody systems, the constraint reaction forces are normally expressed in terms of the constraint equations and a vector of Lagrange multipliers. Because it fails to incorporate conservation of momentum, the Lagrange multiplier method is deficient when the constraint Jacobian matrix is singular. This paper presents an improved dynamic formulation for the constrained multibody system. In our formulation, the kinematic constraints are still formulated in terms of the joint constraint reaction forces and moments; however, the formulations are based on a second-order Taylor expansion so as to incorporate the rigid body velocities. Conservation of momentum is included explicitly in this method; hence the problems caused by kinematic singularities can be avoided. In addition, the dynamic formulation is general and applicable to most dynamic analyses. Finally the 3-leg Stewart platform is used for the example of analysis.
Significant glass-transition-temperature increase through hydrogen-bonded copolymers
(2002-10-01)
Kuo, SW
;
Xu, HY
;
Huang, CF
;
Chang, FC
;
應用化學系
The role of hydrogen bonding in promoting intermolecular cohesion and higher glass-transition temperatures of polymer is a subject of longstanding interest. A series of poly(vinylphenol-co-vinylpyrrolidone) copolymers were prepared by the free-radical copolymerization of acetoxystyrene and vinylpyrrolidone; this was followed by the selective removal of the acetyl protective group, with corresponding and significant glass-transition-temperature increases after this procedure. The incorporation of acetoxystyrene into poly(vinylpyrrolidone) resulted in lower glass-transition temperatures because of the reduced dipole interactions in its homopolymers. However, the deacetylation of acetoxystyrene to transform the poly(vinylphenol-co-vinylpyrrolidone) copolymer enhanced the higher glass-transition temperature because of the strong hydrogen bonding in the copolymer chain. The thermal properties and hydrogen bonding of these two copolymers were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and good correlations between the thermal behaviors and IR results were observed. (C) 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Investigation of Cu/TaN metal gate for metal-oxide-silicon devices
(2003-01-01)
Tsui, BY
;
Huang, CF
;
電子工程學系及電子研究所
;
Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronics
This work investigates the work function modulation of TaNx films and the thermal stability of Cu/TaNx stack as a gate electrode for metal-oxide-silicon devices. The N/Ta ratio was varied in the range of 0.30-0.65 by using reactive-sputter deposition with various Ar/N-2 mass flow ratios. The TaNx films are almost amorphous and are thermally stable up to 800degreesC. However, the formation of Ta3N5 phase in a film with a high N/Ta ratio or annealed at high temperature increases the resistivity. The work function of TaNx is about 4.31-4.38 eV and the modulation is less than 70 mV. Such a short range modulation of the work function implies that TaNx is only suitable to be a gate electrode of surface channel n-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (NMOSFETs). The mean value of the flatband voltage decreases and the deviation of the flatland voltage increases with the increase of the annealing temperature. Although phase change, grain growth, and Cu contamination contribute to the instability at high temperature, thermal stress-induced oxide charges dominate this decrease and deviation of the flatband voltage at temperature below 500degreesC. According to the material and electrical analysis, the Cu/TaNx stack gate electrode can be used for NMOSFETs only, and the maximum process temperature following gate electrode deposition should be lower than 500degreesC. (C) 2002 The Electrochemical Society.
Wide range work function modulation of binary alloys for MOSFET application
(2003-03-01)
Tsui, BY
;
Huang, CF
;
電子工程學系及電子研究所
;
Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronics
This paper explores the characteristics of the binary alloys Th-Pt and Ta-Ti for gate electrode application. With a proper composition of high and low work function metals, the work function of the metal alloys can be modulated from 4.16 eV to 5.05 eV continuously. The alloys show good thermal stability and inner chemical activity on both silicon dioxide and hafnium dioxide. Thermal stress generated from the alloy film increases interface state density and hence effective oxide charges. This problem can be greatly reduced with W/Ta-Pt stack structure, where W acts as the main conducting metal and Ta-Pt acts as work function control metal. All of these properties make them suitable for use in all device applications.
On the equivalence between magnetic-field-induced phase transitions in the integer quantum Hall effect
(2003-04-01)
Huang, CF
;
Chang, YH
;
Cheng, HH
;
Yang, ZP
;
Wang, SY
Magnetic-field-induced phase transitions in the two-dimensional electron system in a AlGaAs/InGaAs/GaAs heterostructure are studied. Two kinds of magnetic-field-induced phase transitions, plateau-plateau (P-P) and insulator-quantum Hall conductor (I-QH) transitions, are observed in the integer quantum Hall effect regime at high magnetic fields. In the P-P transition, both the semicircle law and the universality of critical conductivities are broken and we do not observe the universal scaling. However, the P-P transition can still be mapped to the I-QH transition by the Landau-level addition transformation, and as the temperature decreases the critical points of these two transitions appear at the same temperature. Our observations indicate that the equivalence between P-P and I-QH transitions can be found by the suitable analysis even when some expected universal properties are invalid. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Investigation of Cu/TaN metal gate for metal-oxide-silicon devices (vol 150, pg G22, 2003)
(2003-05-01)
Tsui, BY
;
Huang, CF
;
電子工程學系及電子研究所
;
Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronics
Comparison of hydrogen bonding interaction between PMMA/PMAA blends and PMMA-co-PMAA copolymers
(2003-05-01)
Huang, CF
;
Chang, FC
;
應用化學系
;
Department of Applied Chemistry
A series of miscible PMMA/PMAA blends and PMMA-co-PMAA copolymers with different compositions were prepared in this study. T(g)s of PMMA-co-PMAA copolymers are significantly higher than average values or from the Fox equation. The proton spin-lattice relaxation time in the rotating frame (T-1p(H)) determined by high resolution solid state C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance indicates single composition-dependent from all blends and copolymers, implying a good miscibility with chain dynamics on a scale of 1-2 nm. However, T(1p)(H)s of copolymers are still smaller than those of blends, implying that degrees of homogeneity of copolymers are higher than those of blends. On the basis of Kovacs' free volume theory, the free volume of the copolymer obtained is decreased which is another indication of greater homogeneity of the copolymer than that of the corresponding blend. According to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses, the above results can be rationalized that the hydrogen bonding interaction of the copolymer is stronger than the blend. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
On topology improvement of a packet radio network by power control
(2003-07-01)
Huang, CF
;
Tseng, YC
;
資訊工程學系
;
Department of Computer Science
The packet radio network (PRN) is an attractive architecture to support wireless data communication. The code assignment problem in PRN is a classical problem that has been extensively studied. However, in this paper, we observe that the power control issue has been ignored by most works but may have significant impact on the PRN's performance. Given a set of PRN stations, the network topology can be changed by adjusting each station's transmission power. All existing works, nevertheless, assume that the network topology is given before solving the code assignment problem. In this paper, we regard code assignment as an independent problem and show how to improve the network topology by power adjustment without violating the original code assignment. The improvement in topology (such as more links in the network) may result in improvement in network throughput. Through simulations, we demonstrate that although the code assignment problem is NP-complete, our power adjustment schemes can easily improve the network performance by about 10% with polynomial costs.

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