德希達的事件政治及倫理

Abstract

在當前一切都在預測和可計算為主調的理論和科學模型思惟下，如何思考事件，而不 簡單地將它化約為意外？德希達(Jacques Derrida)的事件理論（若有的話）提供另一 種思考事件或另一種事件思考：非來自於任何主體理論出發，而是作為他者、正義和 未來的事件，賦予主體思考和回應的能力，即政治和倫理的責任。本計劃悉屬申請人 個人中期研究計劃「事件與歷史理論」：旨在透過不同哲學、社會學本文的探討事件、 歷史與時間的關係，發展事件的歷史理論。本計劃將先就德希達著作進行杷疏整理， 並分析有關事件的思考。以文本和檔案事件、驅魔與接待工程、將-來民主以及彌賽亞 性等四個面向探討德希達的事件思考。從1966 年被視為「後結構主義」開端的論文： 〈人文科學論述裡的結構、符號與遊戲〉一文，德希達一場開場即揭示了他一貫對事 件的中心思考：如何兼顧裂斷和重覆的外在形式一直構成德希達事件思考的主軸。事 件總是帶來斷裂，對既有秩序打斷和結構的重新組合，因而帶來某種開放性。但另一 方面來說，德希達事件的政治也同時是如何以延異(differance), 延宕(differer)的 方式去思考立即，緊急又必要的事件。

In the present world dominated by the thinking of predictability and programming, how can we think about the event without reduce it to a simple accident. ? Jacques Derrida's "theory of the event" (if we can say that) provides another way of thinking the event or an eventful thinking: it does not come from any theory of subject, but considers the event as the Other, justice and the impossibility of future which gives the subject an ability to think and respond it, i.e. a political and ethical responsibility. This project belongs to the greater personnel research called "the event and historical theory" which consists to develop some kind of eventful thinking through studying several philosophical texts to explore the relation between the concepts of the event, history and time. In this project, we try to find out the fragments of text about the event in the works of Derrida, and analyze what means the event for him and how he thinks it by the following four dimensions: the textual and archival event, the exorcising and hospitality works, the democracy to come and finally the messianicity. From 1966 published an article: "structure, sign and play in the discourse of the human sciences", Derrida keeps a main theme that the event must be think at the same time its irruption and its repetition. On the one hand, the event raises the rupture and upset and breaks the existed order, therefore brings the openness. On the other hand, it is always coming again like a promise, a injunction which repeat one again forever.