廢棄物清運績效評估指標

Abstract

廢棄物清運是廢棄物管理中重要且佔總經費比例最大的項目，故有必要評估清運績效以提昇 效率。過去評估方法中除問卷評估外，亦有以個別清運績效指標評估或使用資料包絡分析法（Data Envelopment Analysis，DEA）分析。個別指標雖簡單明瞭易計算，但只針對單一面向評估。DEA 雖可判識出個別因子相對效率，但DEA 以不同權重評估不同受評對象，因而不太實用，雖曾有 研究提出方法依DEA 結果求取共同權重，但仍不易由多組不同權重中選出較適合者。 本研究因而擬發展綜合指標評估清運績效，該綜合指標將由數個關鍵子指標所組成，亦提出 數個篩選原則用以篩選適當的關鍵子指標與共同權重組合。此外，人口分佈、道路密度等空間性 因子會影響績效及導致評估結果不公，因此擬進一步探討於綜合指標中加入空間性因子之可行 性，並以全省各清潔隊（含各縣市及各鄉鎮市）為案例建置所建議的指標。同時，本研究亦擬研 擬以降低清運風險為主要考量之有害廢棄物清運績效指標，以及廢棄物清運資源分配指標，以期 供各環保機關做更適宜的績效管理。所發展的指標建立程序亦預期可用以建立其他類似指標。

Municipal solid waste collection (MSWC) is a major and expensive task for a local waste management authority. Assessing the performance of collection practice for promoting MSWC efficiency is thus important. Beside the questionnaire survey, two methods are frequently applied for performance assessment: a key performance (KP) indicator and data envelopment analysis (DEA). A KP indicator, although simple and generally easy to understand, usually can assess only one single aspect or factor that is not enough to assess the overall performance. DEA can discriminate relative effectiveness, but it uses different weight sets to assess individual groups and is thus impractical. Although a method is available to generate a set of common weights, it is still not easy to choose an appropriate weight set from many alternative sets. Therefore, an aggregate indicator composed of several key performance indexes (KPIs) is to be established in this study for assessing MSWC performance. Several criteria are developed for selecting KPIs and common weight sets. Since spatial factors such as population distribution and road density can significantly affect the performance of MSWC, the aggregate indicator is thus to be revised further based on these spatial factors..The proposed aggregate indicators will be applied to assess the performance of MSW collection services provided by local governments. A similar indicator for assessing the performance of hazardous waste collection is also explored, with consideration of transportation risk reduction. And the other indicator will be made available also for MSWC resource allocation. The procedure established in this study for developing the indicators should be applicable for other indicators too.