國家研發組織績效及其影響因素之研究

Abstract

評估研發組織的績效是一個重要且複雜的課題，主要是在瞭解政策是否能有效達成促進產業技術升級之目的，以及在執行層面，資源是否分配給有效率的組織，並達到充分的預期結果。因此，本研究發展一個創新的價值創造程序，並藉由網絡資料包絡分析法（network data envelopment analysis）來衡量國家研發組織的「研發效率」、「技術擴散效率」與「價值創造效率」。此外，並進一步運用截斷式迴歸（truncated regression）探究是否有其他影響國家研發組織績效之因素。研究發現如下：整體而言，「研發效率」優於「技術擴散效率」和「價值創造效率」。因此，管理者應優先改善技術擴散效率，進一步改善價值創造效率。其次，研發組織績效結合集群分析與多元尺度分析方法，以協助管理者瞭解研發組織本身之競爭優勢。最後，截斷迴歸分析亦說明，研發創新能力與服務支援能力對國家研發組織績效影響有其重要性。

Assessing the R&D organizations performance is an important yet complex issue. It is important to know whether the policy is effective in achieving its goal to advance the industrial technology; and at the execution level, whether the resources are allocated to the organization which is efficient enough to deliver expected results. Consequently, this study develops an innovative value creation process including 'R&D efficiency', 'technology diffusion efficiency' and 'value creation efficiency' using a network data envelopment analysis for assessing the national R&D organizations performance. Additionally, the truncated-regression is employed to discuss whether the other determinants affect the national R&D organizations performance. The findings can briefly be concluded as follows. Firstly, the 'R&D efficiency' is better than 'technology diffusion efficiency' and 'value creation efficiency'. This also suggests that managers should focus firstly on removing the technology diffusion inefficiencies, and then improving their value creation inefficiencies. Secondly, the R&D organizations performance combines cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling to assist managers to discuss the competitive advantage of R&D organizations. Finally, the truncated-regression analysis also indicates that the R&D innovation capability and service support do play an important role in influencing the R&D organizations performance.