標題: Regioselectivity in the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of adamantylidenefulvene and its modification by inclusion in cyclodextrins' solutions
作者: Chu, Jean-Ho
Li, Wan-Sheung
Chao, Ito
Lee, Gene-Hsiang
Chung, Wen-Sheng
應用化學系
Department of Applied Chemistry
關鍵字: regioselectivity;fulvene;steric effect;inclusion complex;1,3-dipolar cycloaddition;chiral shift reagent;molecular reactor
公開日期: 31-Jul-2006
摘要: The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of adamantylidenefulvene (1) with 2 equiv of nitrile oxides 2a-d gave 1/1 cycloadducts, 3a-d and 4a-d, as the major products, and four other 1/2 minor cycloadducts 5-8a,b. The ratios of 1/1 cycloadducts 3a-d to 4a-d in THF solution were about 1/1 in the four different nitrile oxides 2a-d studied and microwave was found to accelerate the reactions and enhance their yields. It is noteworthy that the regioselectivity of 3a/4a was enhanced to 71/29 in beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) aqueous solution compared to that of 40/60 in the absence of P-CD. The regioselectivity of 3b/4b was further enhanced to 99/1 when 4-tert-butylphenyl hydroximinoyl chloride (9b) was complexed with beta-CD and then proceeded to react with 1; this is in sharp contrast with that of 33/67 in the absence of beta-CD. The binding constant of 1 center dot beta-CD in acetone-d(6)/D2O (1/1) was determined to be 188 +/- 9 M-1 by H-1 NMR titration experiments. The binding mode of 1 center dot beta-CD was further determined by ROESY experiment. Furthermore, molecular dynamic simulations were carried out to provide information of the complexation modes of 1 center dot beta-CD, 3a center dot beta-CD, 4a center dot beta-CD, 9a center dot beta-CD, and 9b center dot beta-CD. It was found that both steric and electrostatic effects play important roles in determining the regio- and stereochemistry of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 1. Finally, beta-CD is shown to serve as a chiral shift reagent to differentiate the enantiomers of 4a in H-1 NMR. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
URI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2006.05.021
http://hdl.handle.net/11536/12003
ISSN: 0040-4020
DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.05.021
期刊: TETRAHEDRON
Volume: 62
Issue: 31
起始頁: 7380
結束頁: 7389
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