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dc.contributor.authorLuo, Yu-Syuanen_US
dc.contributor.authorTsai, Hsin-Yunen_US
dc.contributor.authorChen, Hsin-Changen_US
dc.contributor.authorWu, Charleneen_US
dc.contributor.authorShen, Li-Chingen_US
dc.contributor.authorChung, Wen-Shengen_US
dc.contributor.authorChiang, Su-Yinen_US
dc.contributor.authorWu, Kuen-Yuhen_US
dc.date.accessioned2015-07-21T08:27:46Z-
dc.date.available2015-07-21T08:27:46Z-
dc.date.issued2015-08-05en_US
dc.identifier.issn0378-4274en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.05.011en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11536/124754-
dc.description.abstractMaleic anhydride was reported illegally adulterated into starch to prepare traditional foods for decades in Taiwan. Maleic acid (MA), hydrolyzed from maleic anhydride, could cause kidney damages to animals. The potential health effects due to long-term MA exposures through food consumption have been of great concerns. Assessment of the dietary MA exposures could be very difficult and complicated. One of the alternatives is to analyze an MA-specific biomarker to assess the daily total MA intake. Therefore, this paper aimed to study the mercapturic acid of MA, 2-{[2-(acetylamino)-2-carboxyethyl]sulfanyl} butanedioic acid (MAMA), with our newly-developed isotope-dilution online solid-phase extraction liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (ID-SPE-LC-MS/MS) method. MAMA was first synthesized, purified, and characterized with NMR to reveal two diastereomers and used for developing the analytical method. The method was validated to reveal excellent sensitivity with a LOD at 16.3 ng/mL and a LOQ at 20.6 ng/mL and used to analyze MAMA in urine samples collected from Sprague-Dawley rats treated with a single dose of 0 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg, and 60 mg/kg (n = 5) of MA through gavage. Our results show dose-dependent increases in urinary MAMA contents, and 70% MAMA was excreted within 12 h with no gender differences (p > 0.05). A half life of urinary MAMA was estimated at 6.8 h for rat. The formation of urinary MAMA validates it as a chemically-specific biomarker for current MA exposure. Future study of MA metabolism in vivo will elucidate mechanisms of MAMA formation, and analysis of this marker in epidemiology studies could help to shed light on the causal effects of MA on human. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.en_US
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.subjectMaleic aciden_US
dc.subjectMercapturic aciden_US
dc.subjectDetoxicationen_US
dc.subjectLC-MS/MSen_US
dc.titleStudy of urinary 2-{[2-(acetylamino-2-carboxyethyl]sulfanyl}butanedioic acid, a mercapturic acid of rats treated with maleic aciden_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.05.011en_US
dc.identifier.journalTOXICOLOGY LETTERSen_US
dc.citation.volume236en_US
dc.citation.spage131en_US
dc.citation.epage137en_US
dc.contributor.department應用化學系zh_TW
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment of Applied Chemistryen_US
dc.identifier.wosnumberWOS:000355684400001en_US
dc.citation.woscount0en_US
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