主動性人格與成就動機對員工工作沉浸之影響：競爭氣候和組織信任的調節作用

Abstract

本研究旨在探討工作職場中個人的因素(包含主動性人格以及成就動機)對於員工工作沉浸的影響，以及心理競爭氣候和組織信任對於此之調節作用。除了個人之人格特質與內在動機外，組織氣候與氛圍也會給予員工不同的知覺觀感，進而干擾員工對於沉浸之效果，而主動性人格者具有較穩定之傾向，以及較高的成就動機，因此即使在面對有競爭的干擾下，仍可能有工作沉浸之產生。相對而言，組織信任則會讓員工安心於投入自己的工作而較容易產生工作沉浸效果。本研究目的在於討論不同的因素對於員工工作沉浸的影響，以問卷施測的方式對有工作經驗人士進行資料蒐集，採網路問卷方式，總計取得一百七十份有效問卷。研究結果顯示：(1) 心理競爭氣候對工作沉浸有正向影響；(2)成就動機對工作沉浸有正向影響；(3) 組織信任對工作沉浸有正向影響；(4) 心理競爭氣候分別對主動性人格、成就動機與工作沉浸之間的調節效果皆有負向影響；(5)組織信任分別對主動性人格、成就動機與工作沉浸之間的調節效果皆呈不顯著。本研究結果能夠幫助企業組織瞭解個人與環境的因素對於員工工作沉浸的影響，在管理組織作為參考之用。

The main purpose of this research is to investigate how the different characteristics of individual employees such as achievement motivation and proactive personality affect their workflow and how the competitive psychological climate and organization trust moderate the influence of achievement motivation and proactive personality on workflow. As employees often have different perceptions about their organizations, their perceptions may interact with their personal characteristics to affect their workflow. The employees with a higher achievement motivation or a proactive personality can have a greater workflow experience even under the situation with higher competition. On the other hand, these employees will be more immerse in their jobs if they perceive a higher level of organizational trust. This research used online questionnaire to collect data from the employees in industries. The final samples included 170 subjects. We found that employees’ achievement, perceived competitive psychological climate, and perceived organization trust all had a positive effect on their workflow. The competitive psychological climate had a negative moderation effect on the relationship between achievement motivation and workflow and also the relationship between proactive personality and workflow. However, the moderation effect of organization trust on the above two relationships were not insignificant. The results of this study provide business organizations an understanding about the influence of employee personal characteristic and organizational contextual factors on employee workflow, the knowledge which is useful for managing employees’ job involvement.