內化異性戀主義、工作場域之性傾向管理策略、憂鬱、社會支持之關聯：調節中介效果之驗證

Abstract

本研究旨在探討內化異性戀主義、工作場域之性傾向管理策略、與憂鬱之間的中介模式，並探討性傾向相關社會支持對此中介模式中四條連結的調節作用。本研究分為兩個研究，研究一檢驗翻譯量表的信度並初步探討研究變項間的關聯；研究二旨在探討本研究所假設的調節中介模式。本研究採用網路問卷法，研究一納入分析的參與者有139位同性戀或雙性戀；研究二則有562位。本研究根據參與者在「內化同性戀負面態度量表」、「性傾向管理策略量表」、「流行病學研究中心憂鬱量表」、「社會支持行為量表」的得分以CFA、MANOVA、Pearson’s Correlation、SEM、Multi-Group Comparison等統計方法進行分析。研究結果如下： 一、CFA及信度分析顯示，經過刪題後，本研究所翻譯的量表皆顯示良好心理計量特性。 二、研究一、二的MANOVA結果顯示，男性的內化異性戀主義、隱藏性傾向、憂鬱的情況比女性差；雙性戀比同性戀有更高的內化異性戀主義、使用較多的偽裝策略及較少的整合策略、並擁有較多的家人支持。 三、研究二的SEM中介分析結果顯示，迴避策略能夠一致地中介內化異性戀主義與憂鬱之間的關聯，對自身性傾向感受越負面者，越會迴避性傾向讓人知道，進而增高憂鬱；偽裝策略及整合策略則無中介效果，原因是此兩者無法顯著預測憂鬱。 四、研究二的SEM多群組比較發現，性傾向相關支持無法緩衝內化異性戀主義與憂鬱的關聯，亦無法調節性傾向管理策略與憂鬱之間的關聯。 最後，本研究討論研究結果不符假設的原因並提出實務建議。

The present study investigates the mediation model of internalized heterosexism, work place sexual identity management strategies, and depression. Moreover, the moderating effect of sexuality-related social support on the associations in the abovementioned mediation model is examined. The study is comprised of two studies: Study 1 tests the reliability of the translated scales, while initially exploring the relationships among variables in the study, and study 2 tests the proposed model. Data was collected through on-line surveys. 139 homosexual and bisexual subjects were recruited in study 1, and 562 were recruited in study 2. The measurements used in the present study include “Internalized Homonegativity Subscale”, “Measure of Sexual Identity Management Strategies”, “Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale”, “the Social Support Behaviors Scale”. CFA, MANOVA, Pearson’s Correlation, SEM, and Multi-Group Comparison were used to analyze the data. The results are as follows: 1. According to CFA and reliability analysis, the scales translated in the present study have good psychometric properties after item deletion. 2. According to MANOVA in studies 1 and 2, male subjects have higher internalized heterosexism and higher degree of depression compared to female subjects, and conceal their sexual orientation more often; the bisexual subjects have higher internalized heterosexism, endorse more counterfeiting strategies and less integrating strategies, and have more family support than homosexual participants. 3. According to SEM, avoidance strategies mediate the association between internalized heterosexism and depression consistently. Subjects feeling more negatively about their sexual orientation would more frequently prevent others from discovering their sexual orientation, thus increasing their degree of depression. Counterfeiting and integrating strategies don’t have mediation effects, as the two are unable to predict depression. 4. According to the multi-group comparison in study 2, sexuality-related support not only fails to dampen the association between internalized heterosexism and depression, but also the associations between identity management strategies and depression.

Finally, explanations regarding the inconsistencies between results and hypotheses are proposed, as well as practical suggestions.