台灣自來水用戶水表測量誤差之估算

Abstract

台灣國土面積小且地勢險峻，水資源儲存不易，因此水資源格外珍貴。台灣自來水公司提供全台灣大部分用水戶的每日所需用水。然而，台灣自來水公司每年結算盈餘卻都有虧損的情形，其中一個重要的原因就是漏水。為改善漏水情況，需要有特定數據資料來推算出漏水量，其中一項重要數據資料就是水表計量誤差。目前水表計量誤差多是由經驗推估而得，但此方法所推估之水表計量誤差的準確性偏低，連帶降低預估漏水量的準確度，導致自來水公司低估漏水量，而無法向用戶收取實際用水量的水費，不僅造成自來水公司的損失，且浪費水資源。因此，本研究之主要目的是根據台灣用水戶的水錶器差值資料以及用水型態資料，發展一套估算水表計量不準確度的方法，以準確估算水表計量誤差值。在得到水表計量誤差值之後，就可以精確的估算出漏水量，進而降低自來水公司在收取水費時因短收而造成的損失以及有效節省水資源。

With small land area and steep terrain, water storage is not easy In Taiwan. Therefore, water resources are particularly valuable. Taiwanese Water Corporation provide mostly daily water needed for all water users in Taiwan. However, the annual merchandise surplus of the Water Corporation is in deficit situation. One of the important reason is water leakage. To improve the water leakage problem, some specific data are needed to estimate the amount of water leakage. One of the specific data is data about the measuring error from water meter. Typically, most measuring error from the water-meter are estimated by experience, but on this way the accuracy of the estimate of the measuring error may be reduced. Consequently, it may affect the accuracy of the estimated amount of water leakage. Once the water company underestimate the amount of leakage, it will not be able to charge the right fees to the water users. This will result in the loss of the water company, and wasting water resource. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to develop a method to effectively estimate the inaccuracies of water meter, based upon the water meter and patterns of water use of Taiwanese water users. The proposed method can accurately estimate the measuring errors of water meter. With the estimated measuring errors of water meter, we can effectively estimate the amount of water leakage for each water mater, thereby reducing the loss of water company in charging water fees.