家長式領導與組織公民行爲的關係：上下關係品質之中介效果

Abstract

在軍隊組織中，軍事領導者實扮演蓍極爲重要的角色。然而，過去針對國內軍事領導所做的研究，都是以驗證西方所發展的領導理論爲主，未考慮文化差異所可能産生的潛在問題，基於此，本研究即以華人社會特有的家長式領導理論爲基礎，探討國內軍事領導行爲與部屬組織公民行爲的關係。別外，本研究將上下關係品質視爲中介變項，檢驗其對領導行爲與領導效能的中介效果。因此，本研究以215位軍事領導者與430位部屬爲研究對蠏，發現；(1)家長式領導中的仁慈及德行領導對部屬的組織公民行爲有正向的影響效果威權領導則有負向的影響效果；(2)德行及威權領導與組織公民行爲的關係，會受到上下關係品質的中介。最後，討論本研究的研究限制及未來的研究方向、以及在領導理論與管理實務上的意涵。

Military leaders play a very important role in the military organizations. However, for the past researches on military leaderships in Taiwan are mainly to verify theories developed by western countries without taking into account potential impacts of the theories due to cultural differences. In view of this point, our study utilizes the paternalistic leadership, an indigenous leadership style in Chinese societies, to examine the relationships between military leadership behaviors and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) in Taiwan. Additionally, this study adopts the Leader-Member Relationship Quality as mediators to explore the mediating effect between leadership behaviors and leadership effectiveness. Consequently, our study took 215 military leaders and 430 subordinates from 21 military units in Taiwan as subjects, and found that: (1) benevolent leadership and moral leadership have positive effects on OCBs, whereas authoritarian leadership has negative effects on OCBs; (2) The relationship between leaders’ benevolent and authoritarian leadership and OCBs will be mediated by leader-member exchange quality. The direction for further research and implications for practice in leadership were discussed finally.