考慮轉乘運量與事故發生之臺北捷運績效評估 – 多運具網絡資料包絡分析法

Abstract

臺北捷運為大臺北地區公共運輸相當重要的一環，投入與產出間的營運績效備受業者與政府重視。臺北捷運具有中運量（Medium Capacity Transit System）與高運量（High Capacity Transit System）兩個子系統，且整體營運績效可細分為生產效率（Productive Efficiency）與服務效能（Service Effectiveness）兩階段。本研究考慮轉乘運量與事故發生，而捷運轉乘公車運量應視為意欲產出（Desirable Output），公車轉乘捷運運量也有助於捷運營運績效的提升，但由於不可控制，應視為環境變數（Environmentally Variable），事故發生亦會影響旅客搭乘意願，則應視為非意欲產出（Undesirable Output）。 本研究提出多運具網絡模式（Multi-mode Network Model）架構，以資料包絡分析法（Data Envelopment Analysis）及方向性距離函數（Directional Distance Function），建立基本模式、考慮轉乘運量、考慮事故發生及同時事故發生與考慮轉乘運量等四種不同模式，探討臺北捷運中、高運量系統之相對效率，並比較四種模式結果差異。 本研究以臺北捷運民國100年至103年營運狀況作為案例分析，結果顯示，各模式營運績效有顯著差異。基本模式之環境影響程度為1.14%，中、高運量子系統則分別為2.37%與2.09%；考慮事故發生模式之環境影響程度為0.60%，中、高運量子系統則分別為1.40%與1.09%。

Taipei Metro Rapid Transit (Taipei MRT) has been an important part of the public transportation of Taipei Metropolitan Area. The operator and government are paying more attention to its operating performance of inputs and outputs. It contains two sub-system, which are Medium Capacity Transit System and High Capacity Transit System, and each of the sub-system can also separate into two stage, which are Productive Efficiency and Service Effectiveness. We considered factor of transfer passenger ridership and accident, the traffic volume of MRT transfer to bus should be considered as desirable output, and the traffic volume of bus transfer to MRT should be considered as Environmentally Variable, which is uncontrollable for Taipei MRT, and the accident should be considered as Undesirable Output. This thesis proposed the Multi-mode Network Model to architecture four models including basic model, considering transfer volume model, considering accident model, and both considering transfer volume and accident model, which uses Data Envelopment Analysis and Directional Distance Function methods. At last, we compared the differences between the models. The case of this thesis is the operating conditions of Taipei MRT during 2011 to 2014. The results showed a significant differences of the performance between the models. The environment impact of the basic model is about 1.14%, 2.37% for Medium Capacity Transit System, and 2.09% for High Capacity Transit System. The environment impact of the model considering accident is about 0.60%, 1.40% for Medium Capacity Transit System, and 1.09% for High Capacity Transit System.