可程式邏輯控制器應用於太陽能板追日伺服驅動系統研究

Abstract

本論文提出基於可程式邏輯控制器（PLC）之機電整合太陽跟踪伺服系統設計，應用於太陽能板追日伺服驅動系統研究。可程式邏輯控制器在現代已是成熟的自動控制系統，本研究利用比例積分(PI)控制理論撰寫可編程邏輯控制程式，整合光電偵測器及馬達驅動系統以實現準確和精確的太陽跟踪系統，使太陽能板對正太陽收集能源。本研究在太陽跟踪器的設計和開發過程中進行太陽星曆和機械系統限制的跟踪演算法，以PLC實現單軸跟踪太陽位置的任務。光電偵測技術中所設計的光感測裝置提供固定的跟踪精度，訊號經由傳感器裝置輸入PLC系統提供太陽位置迴授控制使用。本研究並設計直觀的人機界面，創建控制參數設置程序。本系統的目的是要提供一種價格低，容易建立與相當可靠的太陽跟踪系統，由學理分析到系統應用設計，執行的程序控制與操作，以及對太陽跟踪感測組件的性能總體結果的設計過程。本系統的尺寸和建構簡單，可於太陽能生產設施中使用。

This study presents a sun tracking servo system design with Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) implementation for solar energy harvesting. To develop an accurate and precise sun tracking system, the sun ephemerides was studied and the mechanical limitations of the systems were taken into account in the design and development process of the solar tracker.A tracking algorithm was implemented on a PLC to fulfill the task of a one-axis sun tracking for any geographic location. Fundamental optical pointing techniques were applied in the designed light sensing device to provide a fixed tracking accuracy, and common electronic elements were used in the constructions of the sensor device.An intuitive HMI interface was created for simple parameter settings, the system was designed to provide a low price, easy to build and fairly reliable sun tracking system. This study presents the design process of the sensing components applied to the system, the background theory for its operation, and the implementation procedure as well as overall results of solar tracker performance. The system dimension and construction is simple enough to be used in residential places as well in solar energy production facilities.