巴特勒矩陣及低損耗反射式相移器設計

Abstract

相位陣列在電子式多天線系統中是一個重要的技術，我們可以藉由相位陣列來決定輸出和接收的波束方向，以達到更有效率的訊號傳輸與接收。在本論文中，學生提出了11 GHz 4x4巴特勒陣列矩陣、38 GHz單刀四擲切換開關、38 GHz 低損耗相移器。 11 GHz 4x4巴特列矩陣，使用Rogers RO-4003C印刷電路板實現。此電路提供四組不同輸出相位差。量測結果，插入損耗為7~10 dB、反射係數小於-10 dB、輸出相位差與理想結果(-45°、135°、-135°、45°)誤差±15°。 38 GHz 單刀四擲切換開關，使用TSMC 0.18 m製程實現。此電路用以切換四個不同訊號路徑。量測結果，插入損耗為6.2 dB、隔離度為25 dB、反射係數為-6 dB。 38 GHz 低損耗反射式相移器，使用TSMC 90 nm製程實現。此電路在反射負載使用負阻抗補償相移器損耗。量測結果，插入損耗為1.45±0.35 dB、相位變化為161°、反射係數小於-10 dB、線性度(Pi,1dB)為-9 ~ -3 dBm、雜訊指數為9 ~ 12.5 dB。操作電壓為1.2 V，直流功率為9.6 mＷ。

The phased array system is the one of the most important technique in the multi-antenna system. By the function of the phase shifter, we can control the beam directions and the signal will be transmitted and received more efficiently. In the thesis, an 11 GHz 4x4 Butler matrix, a 38 GHz single-pole-four-throw(SP4T) switch and a 38 GHz low loss reflective-type phase shifter (RTPS) are proposed. The 11 GHz 4x4 Butler matrix is designed in Rogers board (RO-4003C). The 4x4 Butler matrix provides four different beam directions. From the measurement results, the insertion loss are 7~10 dB, the return loss are above 10 dB and the error of phase difference are about ±15°. The 38 GHz single-pole-four-throw(SP4T) switch is designed and implemented in TSMC 0.18 m CMOS technology. The switch is used to choose the different output paths. From measurement results, the insertion loss are 6.2 dB, the isolation are 25 dB and the return loss are 6 dB. The 38 GHz low loss reflective type phase shifter is designed and implemented in TSMC 90 nm CMOS technology. The negative resistance is used in reflective load for compensating the loss of phase shifter. From measurement results, the insertion loss are 1.45±0.35 dB, the phase tuning range is 161°, the return loss are above 10 dB, the linearity(Pi,1dB) are -9~-3 dBm and noise figure are 9~12.5 dB under different tuning voltage. The DC power consumption is 9.6 mW from 1.2 V supply.