電動車上超級電容之放電實驗

Abstract

近年來節能減碳意識的抬頭，省能已成為最近研究中的熱門議題。然而由於電動車之電池容易受到損壞，且成本昂貴，因此本研究提出一套電源管理的方法，能夠在保護電池的情況下，使系統效率優化。藉由超級電容、DC/DC Converter以及電池組成的系統，根據直流母線電壓修正超級電容放電量，並利用超級電容可快速充放電的特性，將煞車回充之能量充回超級電容而非電池，如此可保護電池因快速充電造成之傷害，亦由於瞬間大電流放電主要由超級電容提供，因此電池之放電電流曲線會相對平滑，減少了瞬間大電流輸出對於電池的傷害。 實驗結果顯示，無負載時，超級電容能夠將公車加速至時速45km/hr，反觀有了負載導致超級電容較快耗盡能量，在修正後，能夠延後耗盡超級電容能量，並且使電池之放電電流比較緩慢地增加以提高電池壽命。

In recent years, the rise of carbon reduction awareness, energy saving has become a recent study of the popular topics. Also, susceptible to damage due to the battery, and expensive, so this study presents a power management method, it is possible to protect the battery under the circumstances, so that efficiency can be optimized. With super capacitor, DC / DC Converter and battery composed. Bus voltage corrected based on the super capacitor discharge amount, and the use of super capacitors rapid charge and discharge characteristics, braking energy back to super capacitor instead of the battery so can protect the battery from fast charging due to the damage caused, but also due to the momentary high-current discharge is mainly provided by the super-capacitor, the battery's discharge current curve is relatively smooth, but also reduces the momentary high current output for cell damage. Experimental results show that when there is no load, the super capacitor can push the bus to speed of 45km/hr, with the other hand, the load causes rapid depletion of energy in super capacitor. After correction, this study reduces super capacitor energy depletion and the battery mitigate output current curve slope to improve battery life.