考量舒適度之公共運輸旅次規劃問題之研究

Abstract

行前公共運輸旅次規劃系統，為提升公共運輸系統使用率的重要工具。過去所發展的行前旅次規劃系統，大多以公共運輸系統之「便利性」為規劃之目標(轉乘次數、旅行時間)，鮮少有考量「舒適度」因素(車內擁擠程度、候車環境)。根據相關研究，「舒適度」會顯著影響旅客對於公共運輸使用之意願。 本研究主要在構建一套同時考量「舒適度」與「便利性」因素之公共運輸行前旅次規劃演算法，該演算法為一搜尋啟發式解法，將旅次中可能發生之各項實際時間(如步行時間、車上時間、候車時間等)，透過舒適度函數轉換成使用者感受的時間，並作為本研究目標式之基礎。 本研究以桃園實際路網來進行測試，證實本研究可正確的搜尋出兼顧旅客需求於舒適度之乘車方案。將本研究所產出的方案與未考慮舒適度差異之規劃結果比較，可看出本研究方案在不顯著影響總旅行時間的前提下，舒適度有明顯的提升。

In recent years, in order to solve problems derived from the private vehicle, government is dedicated to improving the development of the public transportation system. In addition, public transit pre-trip planning system is an important tool to raise the usage rates of public transport system. Public transit pre-trip planning system is an important tool to raise the usage of public transport system. Most of the previous researches focus on the “convenience” factors (such as number of transfers, travel time) as the main objective. The “comfort” factors (such as the number of people on bus, waiting area environments) draw not much attention. Based on relevant research findings, comfort is a key to affect the willingness of taking public transportation.The main goal of this research is to develop a public transit pre-trip planning algorithm considering both “comfort” and “convenience” factors. With the help of our proposed “comfort” transforming function, all the possible travel time (such as walking time, in-vehicle time, waiting time) are transformed into passenger perceived time, which is used as the foundation of the objective function. We use the real data of Taoyuan transit network to evaluate the performance of our proposed algorithm.The testing results show that our algorithm can generate reasonable solutions while accommodating both “convenience” and “comfort” simultaneously. Comparing to the solutions generated from system that only considers “convenience” factor, the comfort level of our solution is significantly higher without scarifying total travel time.