Modeling Actuations in BCI-O: A Context-based Integration of SOSA and IoT-O

Abstract

Recent technological developments in Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) will largely enable BCI as a powerful, natural and intuitive mainstream human-computer interaction (HCI) in real-world activities, especially throughout actuators connected to the Internet. As a type of sensor-actuator system, BCI will integrate novel interfaces that will be fully interoperating with IoT-based systems. An ontological metadata overlay for BCI systems in real-world applications is defined in the BCI Ontology (BCI-O), which formalizes and integrates BCI-domain-specific Sense and Actuation Models along with a novel Context Model for describing any kind of real/virtual environments. This paper presents the design principle of BCI-O's Actuation Model, which integrates SOSA and SAN (IoT-O) axioms for actuations and actuators along with the BCI-O's Context Model. This model will become relevant in the degree as context-based semantic interoperability will become a core pre-requisite for any context-aware BCI actuation application with real-time collaboration in IoT environments.