排球運動選手之前十字韌帶傷害探討

Abstract

排球運動的特性，在於運動過程包含了大量的反覆跳躍與落地動作，如此高頻率的跳躍動作，大大提升了膝關節傷害的機率，諸如本文所探討的前十字韌帶受傷。從近年的研究發現，人體在落地時會藉由下肢關節的活動去減緩地面產生的衝擊力，例如，高技能的運動員會以有效的落地方式減少衝擊的力量。在排球運動跳躍次數最多的扣球與攔網兩種動作中，女子選手在落地時較無法如男子選手充分運用大腿的肌力來緩衝地面產生的反作用力，導致女選手的膝關節呈現較大的外翻角度，進而成為女子選手膝關節前十字韌帶較容易受傷的原因。本文除提出教練應廣泛採用超等長訓練法之外，並建議未來學者研究方向可以進一步探討扣球、攔網落地的下肢肌電研究，以便深入瞭解傷害原因。

The high frequency of jumping and landing, one of the characteristics in volleyball, increases the probability of injuries in knee joints. Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury is one of them. It is indicated in recent studies that the coordination of lower limb joints can efficiently reduce the impact caused by landing. Skilled athletes decrease the impact through effective landing actions. In spiking and blocking, actions requiring the most numbers of jumping and landing in volleyball, it is claimed that, unlike male players, female players cannot fully utilize the strength of thighs to reduce the impact which makes them have greater knee valgus. This may easily lead to the suffering in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury. In spite of the fact that coaches should put the comprehensive adoption of same-length training into practice, this article not only provides the advices for the scholars to further investigate lower limb electromyography of landing from spike and block, but also figures out possible causes of knee injuries.