未竟的客人論述：以陳朝龍《新竹縣采訪冊》為中心的解讀

Abstract

客家論述戰後正式傳入臺灣前，臺灣人群分類以閩粵漳泉等祖籍為標準，而且這一分類架構，縱然內涵略有差異，但歷經清代與日本總督府之統治並未移異。羅烈師（2006）主張陳朝龍（1894）《新竹縣采訪冊．客莊風俗》一書，可以視為族群意義之「客人論述」；本文在此基礎上，廣採光緒18年（1892）臺灣巡撫邵友濂設置「福建臺灣通志總局」並通令各縣廳纂著之「采訪冊」等，藉此驗證此一客人論述是否存在於臺灣各地參與撰志知識份子之認識中。研究結果發現，客人論述恐係陳朝龍所獨沽，其他撰志者並不重視本觀念；為此，本文亦將嘗試爬梳陳朝龍此一意識的來龍去脈。

The Hakka Discourse was transferred to Taiwan after World War Ⅱ. Until then, Han Taiwanese had been classified as Hokkienese and Cantonese, and Fujian people are classified as Quanzhou and Zhangzhou dialects for 300 years or more. Lo Lieh-Shih (2006) argued that Chen Chao-Long's “Investigations of Hsin Chu County” (1894) could be considered as Hagngin ethnic group Discourse. This paper, collecting and comparing the results of other authors of the same time as Chen's, tries to confirm if there were the same Hagnin consciousness among other local investigation writers in Taiwan in 1890s. The study found that Chen was the only one who distinguished Hagngin from Hokkeinese, and the paper also tries to look for the context of the idea.