足球球員不同司職位置身體組成之初探

Abstract

目的：不同司職位置對足球球員的身體組成可能會有影響。本研究以受過訓練的大專男子足球球員前鋒、中場及後衛之身體組成之間的差異。方法：大專校院公開男生組第一級的現役足球球員為研究對象，平均接受足球訓練7±3年，且每週進行10±3個小時以上的訓練。依照受試者的不同攻防位置區分成前鋒11人、中場12人及後衛12人。在隔夜禁食的狀態下抵達實驗室，測量完身高之後，使用生物電阻的方式分析受試者的身體組成。使用獨立樣本單因子變異數（one way ANOVA）分析不同攻防位置的身體組成差異，當出現顯著差異時，使用Bonferroni進行事後比較。結果：各組身高、體重、BMI有顯著差異（p＜.05）。除脂體重、肌肉重量、礦物質重量（骨質重）、非慣用手重、慣用手重、軀幹重、非慣用腳重、慣用腳重均有顯著差異（p＜.05），在3組之間脂肪重量、體脂肪百分均無顯著差異（p＞.05）。結論：後衛的身體組成數值明顯高於前鋒和中場。在訓練計劃應包括針對每位職者角色的選定課程而進行訓練，這對監測訓練過程是有實際意義。

Purpose: Different positions may have an impact on the body composition for footballers. This research discusses the differences in body composition between forwards, midfielders, and defenders of trained colleague or university male footballers. Methods: Methods: Active footballers in the first-level male group in the colleges and universities are chosen for the research objects. They undergo professional training for 7±3 years on average, and receive more than 10.0±3 hours of training every week. With different attacking and defensive positions, they are divided into 11 forwards, 12 midfielders and 12 defenders. After arriving in the lab without eating any food last night, their body composition is analyzed via bioelectrical impedance. Differences in body composition at different positions are analyzed by applying one way ANOVA, and Bonferroni for post comparisons when there are differences. Results: Results: There are apparent differences in height, weight and BMI among the groups (p<.05). the weight of Fat, muscle, mineral (bone), weak hand, strong hand, trunk, weak foot, strong foot were significantly different (p < .05). There are no differences among the weight of fat, body, and fat percentage (p>.05). Conclusion: The body composition of defenders is significantly higher than that of forwards and midfielders. It is practical to monitor the training session by choosing courses for each position in the field.