我祖父的Tapung（李崠山）事件：尖石鄉耆老口述歷史與Lmuhuw吟唱之互文意義

Abstract

Tapung（李崠山）事件，發生於1911 -1913 年。筆者於 2020 年以「我祖父的李崠山事件」為題對10 位耆老進行訪談，確認他們對於此事件的定義是「戰爭」。本文援引雷蒙德．威廉斯的感覺結構概念，使尖石鄉人遭受戰爭創傷的感覺得以被分析，讓主體史觀呈現。本文搭建口述歷史和Lmuhuw 吟唱互釋的架構，累積尖石鄉的記憶文本。首先歸納整起事件的過程；其次分析記憶錨點（memory anchors）、語義特徵（semantic feature）和肢體語言（body language）。文中介紹Lmuhuw 吟唱的重點及其價值，從中得知口頭傳統（oral tradition）保存了泰雅族的抵抗史觀、限制性視野（limited Point of View）和創傷記憶，其對話目的在於慰藉祖靈及教育子孫，藉以呈現當代族人的歷史反思。

The Tapung War refers to a series of wars between August 1911 and September 1913 when the Taiwan Governor-General's Office occupied Rgyax Tapung and its surrounding mountainous areas. What is the significance of this incident for the 'Tayal people in Jianshi Township? In 2020, I conducted semi-structured interviews with ten seniors under the theme “My Grandfather's Rgyax Tapung Incident'' to explore their perspectives. It was found that they defined this incident as a “war.” Drawing on Raymond Williams' concept of the structure of feeling, this paper aims to analyze the feelings of war trauma experienced by the 'Tayal people and present their subjective historical views on the incident. The paper will elucidate: (1) the interviewees, research objectives, and methodology; (2) the Rgyax Tapung Incident in oral history, including the causes, process, resolution, and aftermath, as well as an analysis of memory anchors, semantic features, and body language; and (3) the contemporary reflections of the community, introducing the key points conveyed through Lmuhuw songs and explaining the value of this form of expression. The intangible cultural heritage of indigenous peoples deserves attention. This paper establishes a framework for the mutual interpretation of oral history and Lmuhuw songs and accumulates the memory texts of Jianshi Township. Accordingly, it reveals that oral tradition preserves the 'Tayal people's perspectives on resistance, limited points of views, and traumatic memories. The purpose of this dialogue includes comforting ancestral spirits and educating future generations.