日本時代「理蕃」用電流鐵條網與其被害者之考證

Abstract

本文探討的鐵條網，即通電的鐵絲網，為日本時代臺灣蕃地警察掌管的「理蕃」設施，屬隘勇線副防禦設施之一，於1905年起應用於蕃地，至1926年停用、1930年全面廢除。既往對鐵條網的評論，多半指出其對殖民政府的理蕃事業上，對壓迫、阻絕原住民族有極大功效，卻少有指出鐵條網建置並維持的代價、其與臺灣電力系統的關係等。本文經由文獻回顧及田野調查，釐清鐵條網從發端到廢止的歷史沿革，解析其技術與設備，彙整歷年來因鐵條網而死傷的人員名單，比較分析其事故地點、當事人之特徵、觸電原因等，藉以反思鐵條網在理蕃上的「成效」與付出的代價，並填補「理蕃用電」在臺灣電力發展史上的空白。

The electric fence (tetsujomo in Japanese) discussed in this article, that is, the energized wire gauze was a “control of aborigine” facility managed by the police of the indigenous areas during the Japanese Taiwan. It was one of the auxiliary defense facilities of the Guard Line (aiyusen), was used since 1905 in the indigenous area, stopped in 1926, and was abolished totally in 1930. At the beginning of the 20th century, electrical knowledge did not popularize in Taiwan. Electricity applications were even more expensive new technologies. The Government-General of Taiwan applied this high-tech equipment to manage the indigenous, which showed the degree of importance attached to the electric fence by the government. Most of the previous comments on the electric fence pointed out that it had a profound effect on “control of aborigine” of the colonial government and on oppressing and blocking the indigenous peoples. However, few have pointed out the cost of building and maintaining the electric fence and its relationship with Taiwan's power system. Through literature review and field investigation, this paper clarifies the historical evolution of the electric fence from its inception to its abolition, analyzes its technology and equipment, and summarizes the list of people killed and injured by the electric fence over the years. In addition, compare and analyze the location of the accident, the characteristics of the parties, and the causes of electric shock to reflect on the “effectiveness” and cost of the electric fence of control of aborigine. Also, fill the gap in the history of power development in “electricity utilization of control of aborigine” in Taiwan.