A statistics-based approach to incrementally update inverted files

Abstract

Many information retrieval systems use the inverted file as indexing structure. The inverted file, however, is not suited to supporting incremental updates when new documents are to be added to an existing collection. Most studies suggest dealing with this problem by sparing free space in an inverted file for future updates. In this paper, we propose a run-time statistics-based approach to allocate the spare space. This approach estimates the space requirements in an inverted file using only a little most recent statistical data on space usage and document update request rate. For best indexing speed and space efficiency, the amount of the spare space to be allocated is determined by adaptively balancing the trade-offs between reorganization count and space utilization. Simulation results show that the proposed space-sparing approach significantly avoids reorganization in updating an inverted-file, and in the meantime, unused free space can be well controlled such that the file access speed is not affected.