标题: | 转酯化反应发展于微流道系统之研究 Development of real-time microfluidic reactor for the characterization of transesterification reaction |
作者: | 黄美榕 Mei-Jung Huang 柯富祥 Fo-Hsiang Ko |
关键字: | 转酯化反应;微流道系统;transesterification reaction;microfluidic reactor |
公开日期: | 2007 |
摘要: | 近年来,随着奈米科技的日益进步,微小化系统也逐渐备受重视。微小化系统是一门延伸各领域的学问,需要化学、物理、生物、光学等各工程学科的结合制作与设计。能够建立一个微小型系统并直接快速地侦测其中的生物或化学分子,也就是将以往传统大型复杂的分析装置,提供体积缩小化、平行分析化、降低生产成本及缩短反应时间等优势,将对于分析及研究上提供重大的贡献。 传统上对与转酯化反应多是利用硷制程来进行催化油脂以生产脂肪酸酯类,亦是生质柴油。因具有反应时间短、成本低廉等优点亦是目前有发展工业化的制程,但是其中的废液处理也造成严重的环境污染问题。若是利用脂肪分解□来进行催化油脂以生产脂肪酸酯类,是具有无污染、环保的优势。然而,较高的操作成本及冗长的反应时间是导致酵素制程不受青睐的最主要原因。对于脂肪分解酵素纯化分离取得不易,再加上酵素无法进行重复回收再利用,所以价格相较于硷制程来的高昂。因此本研究注重于发展出一个可以减少成本、缩小试剂体积及缩短反应时间的转酯化反应侦测系统。 本研究中将利用微小化系统的优势以探讨生物分子于微流道系统的表现。由于在实验中,脂肪分解□反应时间的长短取决于酵素的活性及酵素的安定性,因此将酵素经过固定化程序来进行提升酵素活性及安定性为一个非常重要的步骤。我们利用化学蚀刻技术制作出形貌特征为金字塔所形成的织构化表面,并结合自组装技术来固定脂肪分解□,由于织构化的表面可用以增加脂肪分解□的键结及矽基材的穿透度,并进而发展出一套在微流道系统上侦测脂肪分解□催化三酸甘油脂反应的方法。 研究中利用侦测与分析转酯化反应的方法有:藉由可见光与紫外光吸收光谱仪来测定,发现透射系数可以有判定的指标。实验证实在不同反应时间中,穿透度有不同的变化,可用以观察转酯化反应的发生,然而此种光谱侦测的方法并不能确切地提供反应的转化率;我们发现三酸甘油脂与脂肪酸酯类尾端氢原子化学位移的差异,并根据此差异来利用核磁共振仪侦测转酯化反应,可以得到实际的反应转化率;由于实验中得知转酯化反应对于光线有反应,因此我们利用这点结合太阳能板与微流道系统发展出一套光电侦测平台,并藉由特定波长的光讯号经由太阳能板以收集电子讯号。 实验中,我们结合自组装技术及化学蚀刻法以提高脂肪分解酵素经固定化程序的活性及安定性,并整合微流道系统来克服转酯化反应中酵素制程的缺点。最后结合上述的侦测方法,以推测不同的方法对于转酯化反应在微流道系统中的分析结果。 Recently, the microfluidic technology has become very important and widely used in many research fields such as biochemical technology, semiconductor technology and electronics technology. The microfluidic technology, the studies on the motion of fluid and particles through the microchannels, is an emerging field that has given rise to a large number of scientific and technological developments over the last years. In this study, we would like to develop a microfluidic reactor for production of the biodiesel of transesterification reaction. First, we immobilized lipase on the tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAH) textured surface with self-assembled monolayer (SAMs) of covalent bonding. The TMAH textured surface for anisotropic texturisation are usually growing pyramidal structures which are increasing the surface areas for lipase-immobilized and decreasing the reflectivity for advancing light absorption. The immobilization of lipase on solid substrate is an essential step for many applications in the field of biocatalysis duo to the relevance for the performance to improve and optimize the lipase activity and stability. However, the transesterification by enzyme method is time-consuming compared to acid- or alkali-catalyzed. Development the microfluidic reactor system is an important way to improving the reaction rate and enhancing the conversion yield due to the high surface-volume ratio and advancing the mass and heat transfer. This experiment aims is to provide a new approach that could potentially analyze the real-time reaction of transesterification. Moreover, new generation of biosensors combining new bioreceptors with the ever-growing number of transducers is emerging. The microfluidic reactor transducers of analysis systems are used in the optical spectroscopy (UV-Vis spectroscopy) for detecting the transmission of transesterification reaction. Following is detecting by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for identifying the structure of biodiesel and then estimating the conversion of reaction. Since the response of transmission can be detected from transesterification reaction, the exploration of photo-electronic analysis, photodetector, can be used for monitoring the biocatalytic reaction in real-time. It is based on the phenomenon of different transmission and converted to electric signal. Since the detection of UV/Vis-NMR can confirm the conversion of transesterification and the detection of optical-electric (UV/Vis-photodetector) can be real-time monitoring the transesterification reaction. Combine with above analysis methods, the experiments provide a new approach for an easy and feasible way to analyze and detect the transesterification reaction. |
URI: | http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#GT009552509 http://hdl.handle.net/11536/39445 |
显示于类别: | Thesis |
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