標題: 以實務驗證TOC營運管理解決方案之可行性及有效性
Validating the feasibility and effectiveness of TOC operational solutions—an empirical study
作者: 黃運金
李榮貴
Li, Rong-Kwei
工業工程與管理學系
關鍵字: 限制理論;戰略戰術樹;簡化型驅導式生產系統;Theory of Constraints;Strategy and Tatic Tree;Simplified Drum Buffer Rope
公開日期: 2009
摘要: 中文摘要 儘管眾多的學術論文已經證明限制理論(Theory of Constraints,TOC)的生產及配銷解決方案,在企業改善中得到顯著的改善績效,但是對於實務操作的經理人來說,仍不免有以下質疑:一、TOC的改善方案僅僅只是一種思維及概念性的邏輯,缺乏具體之執行細節及步驟;二、眾多的改善結果顯示,應用各式改善手法及程序,經歷一段不算短的時間才有機會獲得顯著的改善績效,但是如果在不同的產業、甚至管理基礎差異極大之不同企業中,應用TOC相同的解決方案是否依舊可以得到文獻所呈現之效果,快速的取得顯著改善績效呢?針對第一點的質疑,Goldratt博士提出了TOC的戰略及戰術樹圖,提供了具體執行步驟及說明,作為改善方案的指導方針及藍圖,但是至今仍缺乏實際案例的深入驗證、探討其可行性及有效性;針對第二點,除非透過真實的成功案例加以驗證,否則對於管理基礎架構不是很完善的企業,或是產業性質不同者,依舊會對此改善方案的導入心存猶豫及懷疑。 本文以三個不同生產型態、管理基礎差異極大、位處海峽兩岸的企業,記錄實際的改善導入過程、結果、建議及心得,作為驗證TOC改善方案的可行性及有效性。其中大陸的家具企業在缺乏良好管理基礎之情況下,與具備專業管理基礎的台灣航太零件製造企業以及屬於上市公司的大型工具機製造廠商,分別在不同時間採用相同的TOC改善工具,以TOC生產改善工具之簡化型驅導式生產系統、及拉式補貨之庫存及配銷管理系統,在Goldratt所提出的戰略及戰術樹指導架構下逐步的實施改善行動。 本文透過實際案例導入TOC改善之過程,達成以下之研究目標:一、驗證Goldratt博士所提出TOC生產、庫存、配銷解決方案之細部執行細節--戰略戰術樹之可行性及有效性;二、證明企業的管理基礎、組織結構之優劣並非導入TOC改善工具的第一考量條件,希望在短期內獲得顯著的改善績效,應該優先建立可以穩定系統的機制,而不是使用各種改善手法到處進行改善;三、證明Goldratt的四個重要改善概念及程序,是符合改善的有效作法,可以快速獲得顯著績效。四、TOC改善工具架構在戰略戰術樹圖上,針對不同經營環境、生產型態、管理基礎在執行過程中可能產生之差異、需要客制及修正的內容,記錄其過程及心得,提供實務改善工作者導入改善之參考。
Abstract Despite hundreds of reported accounts of successful Theory of Constraints (TOC) Simplify Drum Buffer Rope (SDBR) implementations, shop floor managers still raise two immediate concerns: (1) TOC SDBR and Demand Pull Replenishment solutions are conceptual only and lack solid implementation steps to effect the change. (2) A good management foundation is a pre-requisite for SDBR implementation; building such a management foundation should be the priority. For the first concern, Goldratt developed Strategy and Tactics (S&T) trees to provide step-by-step guidance for effecting the change. However, other researchers have not extensively researched Goldratt’s approach and its effectiveness has not been empirically validated. Regarding the second concern, unless a successful case can disprove it, the concern will remain. Consequently, companies with a poor management foundation will hesitate to adopt SDBR and miss significant improvement potentials. This paper presents a case study of a Chinese furniture manufacturer that, like most other Chinese manufacturers, lacked a good management foundation. Nevertheless, the company adopted Goldratt’s SDBR S&T tree and the related logic and implementation steps were followed accordingly. The objectives of this case study are to validate that: (1) the logic of the SDBR and Demand Pull Replenishment S&T tree is robust and effective and (2) a good management foundation is not a pre-requisite for implementing TOC SDBR. The key to achieving successful improvements is to adopt the right concepts, establishing mechanisms to stabilize the system first before kaizen (changing the processes to reduce variability and set-up time etc., which is the focus of Lean and 6 Sigma).
URI: http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#GT079133813
http://hdl.handle.net/11536/40333
Appears in Collections:Thesis


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