高能微中子偵測與味物理學

Abstract

本篇論文討論微中子由微中子源傳播至地球間的各種現象. 在本文的第一部份,我們利用對微中子震盪角度的了解,重建微中子在不同量測條件下時於源頭的比例. 我們發現區分不同的微中子源需要大量的觀測數據. 另外本文也考慮當微中子衰變與震盪同時作用時, 地球上的微中子比率的對應影響. 由此我們給定了在99.7$\%$信心水準下, 不同衰變機制作用下, 微中子比率在地球上的允許與禁制範圍. 在本文的第二部份, 我們介紹如何運用蒙地卡羅方法模擬微中子與地球的各種交互作用. 依照模擬我們可得到在偵測區域(DSR)內的輕子流量. 由於濤輕子(Tau lepton)簇射後會產生大量正負電子對並受地磁偏轉而產生同步輻射. 藉此我們計算不同能量下濤輕子簇射所對應的同步輻射訊號強度與行為.

This thesis discusses the neutrino flavor physics from the source to the Earth. In first part, we analyze the measured flavor ratios on the Earth to reconstruct the flavor ratio at the source. We also estimate the critical event numbers for distinguishing two most common astrophysical sources. We not only introduce the standard oscillation mechanism but also neutrino decay mechanisms into the propagations of neutrinos. Applying the currently understood of neutrino mixing angle ranges, we obtain the corresponding flavor ratios on the Earth for different propagation mechanisms. In the second part, we discuss the neutrino detections. We simulate neutrinos interacting with the Earth and record the lepton fluxes inside the detector sensitive region. The leptons generate the electromagnetic and hadronic showers. We use CORSIKA simulate these showers and estimate the resulting synchrotron radiations