全膝人工關節之專利分析與設計

Abstract

在人工關節設計中，專利迴避之設計至為重要。本文提出以專利資料的檢索、蒐集與分析，並據此建立以特徵為重點的一次專利資料。接著，利用一次專利資料透過專利分析摘要法進行專利技術之解構，以建立以技術特徵、元件、手段、功能及效果為主的二次專利資料表格。並利用專利地圖分析法，以一次專利資料及二次專利資料為基礎，來建立以專利技術功能及元件特徵為座標之專利技術功能矩陣圖。此步驟的目的在於找尋不存在於專利資料文獻資料庫的空白技術，以作為專利迴避設計並開發新產品之基礎。 在分析出人工關節專利之相關技術特徵後，為使股骨、脛骨、膝蓋接頭、半月板等人工關節元件之設計能確實的符合及滿足顧客之實用需求。本文以品質機能展開法(QFD)來連結顧客需求及人工關節之工程設計。而方法為將上述之專利資料視為專利客戶之情報，並將其轉化、歸納為顧客需求。接著進行品質企劃與品質設計。將所得的顧客需求設定為要求品質，並進一步設定要求品質之相關權重。並藉由與不同公司之產品交互比較及競爭分析，來確立人工關節之企劃品質。 最後，本論文以概念設計的方法來進行人工關節之設計。所設計出的人工關節，則是以前述QFD所設定之要求品質及企劃品質為工程技術規格之要點，並以此達到人工關節專利設計之目標。

In design of a prosthesis knee, it is very important to analyze the patents to ensure the design will not infringe current intellectual property rights. In this study, the patent information engineering design approach is used for searching, collecting and analyzing of relevant patents. The results are used for constructing the first patent data. According to the first patent data, a patent analysis abstract approach is used not only to de-construct the technologies using in analyzed patents, but also to construct the second patent table built by the technical characteristics, components, manners, functions, and effects. Based on the first patent data and second patent table, a patent map analysis approach is further used to form a patent technical functional matrix underlying the characteristics of technical functions and components of analyzed patents. The goal of this step is to find out the empty technology and to be as the base of creating a new product without infringing existing patents. After getting the relevant technical characteristics of a prosthesis knee including a Tibia, a Femoral, a Knee Joint and a Meniscusm from analyzed patents, the thesis uses the Quality Functional Deployment, QFD, to make a link between customers’ need and the engineering design of a prosthesis knee to certainly fulfill the practical need of customers. The procedure is to treat the analyzing results gotten from analyzed patents as information and translate them to the customers’ needs. Those needs are set as the required qualities of a prosthesis knee and assigned weights. Then, the planned qualities can be obtained by means of comparison on all products among all companies. Finally, the thesis performs a design of a prosthesis knee using the conceptual design approach with the engineering technical specifications gotten from the required qualities and planned qualities by QFD. Consequently, the design of a desired prosthesis knee based on those technical specifications without infringing is archived