安全領導與安全態度對安全行為影響的探討_以CCFL廠為例

Abstract

隨著政府的立法及教育訓練、輔導、檢查已將重大職業災害降低，但是要達到更優質的安全衛生水準，則須從人的方面著手。個案CCFL廠在勞工安全衛生法屬於第一類事業，個案的FR（職業傷害頻率）高於電子製造業的水平之上，如果不從人著手很難克竟其功，而工廠的主管及現場幹部的安全領導行為、安全態度對現場人員的影響尤其重大，而個人的人格特質也與其安全衛生績效相關，如何透過主管的安全領導行為的展現，來提升現場幹部的安全態度，進而影響其安全行為，降低廠內職業災害的發生，進而提升工廠的安全衛生績效；是很多學者研究的重點。本研究以CCFL廠個案主管的安全領導行為進行觀察分析並佐證其任職內的安全績效，再對其所負責部門的工程師與現場幹部進行訪談，透過問卷收集相關資料分析，在主管的安全領導上與其在安全績效上是呈現相關性；主管的五大人格特質中若勤勉正直性高，在其安全領導所展現的安全績效相對也較高。在CCFL廠工程師與現場幹部的問卷分析中，以廠務部門的工程師對主管的安全領導行為認知高於其他部門。工程師與現場幹部的安全領導行為認知對其安全態度及安全行為是有正相關的影響；而個人的五大特質也會影響其安全態度與安全行為。個案公司可以透過培養主管的安全領導行為及輔導發展其人格特質；並確實執行現場幹部的教育訓練計劃；擴大參與集團的安全衛生活動建立雙贏的安全衛生氣氛，以期提升其安全衛生的績效及水準。

With the government's efforts on legislation establishment, training ,coaching and audit activities, the rate of occupational injury has become lower gradually. However, we should pay more attention on every individual employee to achieve better safety and health standards. CCFL factories are classified as first class enterprise as per the local safety and health code, and the safety performance index FR (Disabling Frequency Rate) is higher than the electronic manufacturing industry level. The safety leadership behavior and safety attitude of managers and foremen have great influence on the site employees, and personality of individuals also connects to safety performance. Much research has explored the relationship between safety behaviors of foremen and enhancing site managers' safety attitudes, and afterwards disciplining their safety behavior as well as reducing the injury incident in the factory and the reinforcing safety performance. This case study on CCFL factory is divided into two parts : first observed the managers’ safety leader behaviors, analyzed the safety performance index at work, and identified/evaluated the leader ‘s safety performance. Secondly, we invited the engineers and foremen to fill up the questionnaires. The study demonstrates that their awareness of manager’s safety leadership behaviors positively related to staff’s safety attitudes and safety behaviors. Big 5 personalities will affect the safety attitudes and safety behavior as well. We suggest the company at this case study could enhance the safety performance and standard through the following approaches: to cultivate the safety leaders' behavior as well as coach their personality, to implement the foreman training program, to invite more employees to participate safety activities and generate better safety atmosphere.