以相似暴露族群分析方法建立某LED廠暴露實態

Abstract

由於LED製造過程中使用大量化學品，如丙酮、異丙醇、硫酸、氫氧化鈉、硫酸、矽甲烷等等，這些化學物質具有毒性、可燃及腐蝕性，無論在儲存、供應及生產後之尾氣排放，皆需符合環保、安全法令的需求。 在生產過程中勞工長時間暴露於危害的環境中，各廠依據法令定期進行作業環境測定，以「掌握勞工工作現場之暴露實態」，以避免勞工作業環境中危險及有害物造成勞工健康損害、疾病及降低工作效率。 本研究的目的，是以相似暴露族群(SEG)的觀念，將工作型態相同、類似的人員設為同一群組，以掌握各族群的暴露狀況，不同於一般的作業環境測定，只能獲知環境中危害物質的濃度、物質種類，無法評斷不同類別的工作內容、項目、時間，各族群的實際暴露狀態。 藉由完整的相似暴露族群(SEG)資料，建立一完整的作業環境測定評估系統，逐步了解例行性作業及非例性作業人員之暴露實態，建立全廠人員暴露實態的基礎資料及風險鑑別的參考依據，以防止化學性危害造成之職業傷害，並可作為新建廠房作業環境測定規範。

The manufacturing processes of LED use a large amount of chemical such as acetone, isopropanol, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide and methane. These chemicals have the poison, inflammability and corrodibility so the storage and supply of chemical have to conform to environmental protection and safety laws.

Laborers were exposed to dangerous environment for a long time in the production so every company made a regular estimation for their operation environment according to regulations to keep laborers away from danger and harm.

The purpose of research is to classify laborers as group according to their working type based on the idea of Similar Exposure Group (SEG) to control the exposure state of every group. This is different from common estimation of operation environment and it just knows the concentration of harmful substances and the kinds of harmful substances. It can’t discriminate the different type of working and the actual exposure state of every group.

Set up the estimation system of operation environment and to understand the exposure state between routine operation and not-routine operation by the complete information of SEG. Set up the basic information and risk assessment of staff to avoid the chemical damage causes occupational injury and be a procedure for new factory buildings.